Scientist, Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases Division, Indian Council of Medical Research-Headquarters, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India.
Scientist, ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and other Mycobacterial diseases, Tajgani, Agra-282004, India.
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2022;25(10):1630-1638. doi: 10.2174/1386207324666210301093001.
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) have existed worldwide since ancient times, causing significant morbidity and mortality. To maintain healthy sexual and reproductive life, it is highly essential to prevent STIs, RTIs and related illnesses. STIs are transmitted by transaction of body fluids among people during sexual intercourse. The etiological agents for STIs are bacteria, viruses and parasites in most cases, but proportions by different aetiology are varying. Various studies have shown that STIs are increasing, and their primary aetiology is changing worldwide, which should be considered seriously and needs necessary actions. Several factors related to hosts and disease-causing agents have been identified to influence STIs' current strategies in the prevention and control program. The present study attempts to review the history, changing aetiology and antimicrobial resistance in STIs. This review has also highlighted the prevalence of STIs at the global level and their past and present trends in India, emphasizing future challenges and perspectives for making effective public health policies to prevent and control STIs.
性传播感染（STIs）和生殖系统感染（RTIs）自远古时代就已在全球范围内存在，导致了严重的发病率和死亡率。为了维护健康的性生活和生殖健康，预防 STIs、RTIs 和相关疾病至关重要。STIs 通过性行为中人与人之间的体液交换传播。STIs 的病原体通常是细菌、病毒和寄生虫，但不同病因的比例有所不同。多项研究表明，STIs 正在全球范围内增加，其主要病因正在发生变化，这应引起高度重视，并需要采取必要的行动。已经确定了与宿主和病原体相关的几个因素，这些因素会影响 STIs 在预防和控制规划中的当前策略。本研究试图回顾 STIs 的历史、不断变化的病因和抗菌药物耐药性。本综述还强调了全球 STIs 的流行情况及其在印度过去和现在的趋势，强调了为制定有效的公共卫生政策以预防和控制 STIs 而面临的未来挑战和展望。
