Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021 May;121(5):1499-1511. doi: 10.1007/s00421-020-04558-4. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Habitual endurance exercise results in increased erythropoiesis, which is primarily controlled by erythropoietin (EPO), yet studies demonstrating upregulation of EPO via a single bout of endurance exercise have been equivocal. This study compares the acute EPO response to 30 min of high versus 90 min of moderate-intensity endurance exercise and whether that response can be upregulated via selective adrenergic receptor blockade.
Using a counterbalanced, cross-over design, fifteen participants (age 28 ± 8) completed two bouts of running (30-min, high intensity vs 90-min, moderate intensity) matched for overall training stress. A separate cohort of fourteen participants (age 31 ± 6) completed three bouts of 30-min high-intensity cycling after ingesting the preferential β-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist bisoprolol, the non-preferential β + β antagonist nadolol or placebo. Venous blood was collected before, during, and after exercise, and serum EPO levels were determined by ELISA.
No detectable EPO response was observed during or after high intensity running, however, in the moderate-intensity trial EPO was significantly elevated at both during-exercise timepoints (+ 6.8% ± 2.3% at 15 min and + 8.7% ± 2.2% at 60 min). No significant change in EPO was observed post-cycling or between the trials involving βAR blockade.
Neither training mode (running or cycling), nor beta-blockade significantly influenced the EPO response to 30 min of high-intensity exercise, however, 90 min of moderate-intensity running elevated EPO during exercise, returning to baseline immediately post-exercise. Identifying the optimal mode, duration and intensity required to evoke an EPO response to exercise may help tailor exercise prescriptions designed to maximize EPO response for both performance and clinical applications.
习惯性耐力运动导致红细胞生成增加，主要受促红细胞生成素（EPO）控制，但证明单次耐力运动即可上调 EPO 的研究结果存在争议。本研究比较了 30 分钟高强度与 90 分钟中等强度耐力运动对急性 EPO 反应的影响，以及通过选择性肾上腺素能受体阻断是否可以上调该反应。
采用交叉平衡设计，15 名参与者（年龄 28±8 岁）完成了两次跑步（30 分钟，高强度与 90 分钟，中等强度），总训练负荷相匹配。另一组 14 名参与者（年龄 31±6 岁）在摄入优先β肾上腺素能受体（AR）拮抗剂比索洛尔、非优先β+β拮抗剂纳多洛尔或安慰剂后，完成了三次 30 分钟高强度自行车运动。在运动前、运动中和运动后采集静脉血，并通过 ELISA 测定血清 EPO 水平。
高强度跑步过程中和之后均未检测到 EPO 反应，但在中等强度试验中，EPO 在运动期间的两个时间点均显著升高（15 分钟时升高 6.8%±2.3%，60 分钟时升高 8.7%±2.2%）。自行车运动后或涉及βAR 阻断的试验之间，EPO 无明显变化。
无论是运动模式（跑步或骑车）还是β受体阻断均不会显著影响 30 分钟高强度运动对 EPO 的反应，但 90 分钟中等强度跑步会在运动期间升高 EPO，运动后立即恢复到基线。确定激发运动对 EPO 反应所需的最佳模式、持续时间和强度可能有助于针对运动表现和临床应用定制最大程度提高 EPO 反应的运动处方。
