Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Pharmacology Applied to Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Jun 12;273:113979. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113979. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana has been widely used in Brazilian popular medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Aerial parts are used as an infusion to treat arthrosis and arthritis, to relieve rheumatic and stomach pains, and intestinal disorders due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic anti-nociceptive, digestive and hepatoprotective properties.
This study aimed to characterize the of M. albicans (Sw.) Triana fruits extract (MAFRE) chemical profile and to evaluate its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities, as well as its toxicity.
Maceration with methanol as liquid extractor was used to prepare MAFRE. M. albicans (Sw.) Triana fruits chemical composition was characterized by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and GC-FID (fatty acid methyl esters composition from lyophilized fruits). MAFRE antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro using a combination of assays: Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In vitro antiproliferative activity was investigated in four human tumor cell lines (U251, 786-0, HT29 and MDA-MB-231) while the effect on the non-tumor cell viability was assessed in the VERO cell line using the on-step MTT assay. In addition, in vivo anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by Croton oil-induced ear edema in mice followed by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity evaluation.
Thirty-five compounds were identified by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Among it flavonoids derived from quercetin (8), myricetin (1), kaempferol (2), terpenoids (6) and other compounds (18). GC-FID analysis identified and quantified nine fatty acids: palmitic, stearic, arachidic, behenic, elaidic, oleic, eicosenoic, and linoleic acids. The most abundant fatty acids were polyunsaturated fatty acids (5.33 ± 0.17 mg g), followed by saturated fatty acids (2.38 ± 0.07 mg g) and monounsaturated fatty acids (1.74 ± 0.09 mg g). The extract revealed high content of phenolic compounds (43.68 ± 0.50 mg GAE/g of extract), potent antioxidant, and ferrous chelating capacities. Morever, it proved to be non-toxic to the VERO cells, not affecting cells viability (95% of viable cells). No antiproliferative effect against human tumor cell lines were found. Furthermore, MAFRE significantly (p<0.05) reduced ear edema (≈35%) and MPO activity (84.5%) having a statistical effect similar to traditional steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Taken together, the results evidenced that M. albicans fruit extract has antioxidant properties, a higher concentration of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, fatty acids, and also topical anti-inflammatory activity with low toxicity of extract on VERO cells. Through the ethnomedicinal study, these findings supporting the popular use of M. albicans, but also highlight that not only aerial parts and leaves deserve attention, but the fruits also have anti-inflammatory proprieties and can be a source of phenolic compounds and other substances with potential health benefices.
Miconia albicans（Sw.）Triana 广泛应用于巴西民间医学，用于治疗多种疾病。地上部分用作浸剂，用于治疗关节炎和关节炎，缓解风湿和胃痛，以及由于其抗炎、抗突变、抗伤害感受、消化和保肝特性而引起的肠道疾病。
本研究旨在表征 M. albicans（Sw.）Triana 果实提取物（MAFRE）的化学特征，并评估其抗氧化、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性以及毒性。
使用甲醇作为浸提液进行浸渍来制备 MAFRE。通过 UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS 和 GC-FID（冻干果实的脂肪酸甲酯组成）对 M. albicans（Sw.）Triana 果实的化学成分进行了表征。通过组合测定法评估 MAFRE 的抗氧化潜力：福林-考尔法特还原能力、DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基清除能力以及铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）。在四种人肿瘤细胞系（U251、786-0、HT29 和 MDA-MB-231）中研究了体外增殖活性，同时使用一步法 MTT 测定法评估了对非肿瘤细胞活力的影响。此外，通过在小鼠中用巴豆油诱导耳水肿，评估了体内抗炎作用，随后评估了髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性。
通过 UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS 鉴定了 35 种化合物。其中包括来自槲皮素（8）、杨梅素（1）、山奈酚（2）、萜类化合物（6）和其他化合物（18）的类黄酮。GC-FID 分析鉴定并定量了 9 种脂肪酸：棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山嵛酸、反油酸、油酸、二十碳烯酸和亚油酸。最丰富的脂肪酸是多不饱和脂肪酸（5.33±0.17mg g），其次是饱和脂肪酸（2.38±0.07mg g）和单不饱和脂肪酸（1.74±0.09mg g）。提取物含有丰富的酚类化合物（43.68±0.50mg GAE/g 提取物）、具有强大的抗氧化和亚铁螯合能力。此外，它对 VERO 细胞无毒，不影响细胞活力（95%的存活细胞）。对人肿瘤细胞系没有发现增殖抑制作用。此外，MAFRE 显著（p<0.05）降低耳水肿（≈35%）和 MPO 活性（84.5%），其统计学效果与传统的甾体和非甾体抗炎药物相似。
综上所述，这些结果表明，M. albicans 果实提取物具有抗氧化特性、较高浓度的酚类化合物、类黄酮、脂肪酸，以及较低毒性的提取物对 VERO 细胞的局部抗炎活性。通过民族医学研究，这些发现支持 M. albicans 的民间使用，但也强调不仅地上部分和叶子值得关注，而且果实也具有抗炎特性，并且可以作为具有潜在健康益处的酚类化合物和其他物质的来源。
