Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais e Limnológicas - NEPAL/UnB, Brazil.
Département des sciences biologiques and Groupe de Recherche Interuniversitaire en Limnologie (GRIL), Université du Québec à Montréal, H3C 3P8, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jul 1;776:145948. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145948. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
The implementation of environmental monitoring programs in areas under anthropogenic pressure is essential to investigate the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity in ecosystems and to establish the most appropriate conservation strategies according to the area. We investigated whether environmental variables or temporal scale influenced zooplankton spatial diversity and beta diversity components in the Madeira River basin (Amazon tributary, Rondônia state, Brazil) from 2009 to 2015. We also investigated the local site contribution to overall beta diversity (LCBD) and to each of its components, to be able to propose conservation strategies more suitable for the river basin. Alpha diversity values decreased over time, while total beta diversity and the abundance difference component increased. A pattern of abundance difference (Podani family) dominated spatial beta diversity within the major sampling campaigns (at each time point). Environmental variables and heterogeneity, temporal scale (sampling campaigns), and also the dam installation contributed to variation in spatial beta diversity and its components. On the other hand, the flood pulse did not influence spatial beta diversity over time. Few sites contributed significantly to beta diversity prior dam installation, but most sites contributed significantly to beta diversity values at least at one point in time, in the post-dam phase. Thus, post-damming, all sites should continue to be monitored for conservation and restoration of zooplankton communities and biodiversity preservation, as changes are likely to still occur. Analysis of beta diversity, its components, and LCBD, are useful and efficient methods to study spatio-temporal changes in communities and identify critical sites. Impoundment and environmental variation significantly affect zooplankton community beta diversity, dependent on underlying mechanisms such as substitution or abundance differences that diversify communities spatially and temporally.
在人为压力下的地区实施环境监测计划对于调查产生和维持生态系统生物多样性的过程以及根据该地区制定最合适的保护策略至关重要。我们调查了环境变量或时间尺度是否影响了 2009 年至 2015 年期间在 Madeira 河流域（巴西朗多尼亚州的亚马逊支流）的浮游动物空间多样性和β多样性组成部分。我们还调查了局部站点对总体β多样性（LCBD）及其各个组成部分的贡献，以便能够提出更适合河流流域的保护策略。α多样性值随时间降低，而总β多样性和丰度差异成分增加。在主要采样活动（每个时间点）中，丰度差异（Podani 家族）模式主导了空间β多样性。环境变量和异质性、时间尺度（采样活动）以及水坝的安装有助于空间β多样性及其组成部分的变化。另一方面，洪水脉冲不会随时间影响空间β多样性。在水坝安装之前，很少有站点对β多样性有显著贡献，但在水坝安装后的阶段，大多数站点至少在一个时间点对β多样性值有显著贡献。因此，在水坝建成后，所有站点都应继续监测浮游动物群落的保护和恢复以及生物多样性的保护，因为仍可能发生变化。β多样性、其组成部分和 LCBD 的分析是研究群落时空变化和识别关键站点的有用且有效的方法。水坝的建设和环境变化显著影响浮游动物群落的β多样性，这取决于替代或丰度差异等潜在机制，这些机制使群落在空间和时间上多样化。
