National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Food Res Int. 2021 Feb;140:110072. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110072. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
The overall goal was to utilize a gas chromatography spectrometry based metabolomics approach to investigate the metabolite changes in goat milk yoghurt during storage. A total of 129 metabolites were identified in goat milk yoghurt during 28 days refrigerated storage. Among 129, 39 metabolites were differentially regulated (p < 0.05) wherein 22 were upregulated (UR) and 17 were downregulated (DR). 17 (9 UR, 8 DR), 20 (11 UR, 9 DR) and 2 (both UR) differential metabolites were identified during storage period of 0-14, 14-28, and 0-28 days, respectively. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism altered during 0-14 days storage; while fatty acid biosynthesis, and propanoate metabolism altered during 14-28 days of storage. Metabolite-gene interaction analysis identified genes regulated by differentially expressed metabolites. Functional annotation of interacted genes in corroboration with that of KEGG pathway analysis provided the probable mechanisms that altered the metabolites during storage. These findings reveal comprehensive insights into the metabolite alterations during storage. This research provides practical information for developing goat milk yoghurt with enhanced bio-activities and would aid in future investigations into the nutritional research and isolation of functional compounds.
本研究旨在利用基于气相色谱-质谱联用的代谢组学方法，研究羊奶酸奶在贮藏过程中的代谢产物变化。在 28 天冷藏贮藏过程中，鉴定出羊奶酸奶中的 129 种代谢物。在这 129 种代谢物中，有 39 种代谢物差异调节（p < 0.05），其中 22 种上调（UR），17 种下调（DR）。在 0-14 天、14-28 天和 0-28 天的贮藏期内，分别鉴定出 17（9 UR、8 DR）、20（11 UR、9 DR）和 2（均 UR）种差异代谢物。代谢途径分析表明，在 0-14 天的贮藏期内，氨基酸酰基-tRNA 生物合成、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成以及苯丙氨酸代谢发生改变；而在 14-28 天的贮藏期内，脂肪酸生物合成和丙酸盐代谢发生改变。代谢物-基因相互作用分析鉴定出受差异表达代谢物调控的基因。与 KEGG 途径分析的交互基因功能注释为贮藏过程中代谢物变化提供了可能的机制。这些发现为研究贮藏过程中代谢物的变化提供了全面的见解。本研究为开发具有增强生物活性的羊奶酸奶提供了实用信息，并有助于未来对营养研究和功能化合物的分离进行研究。
