Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2021;157:195-243. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.09.003. Epub 2020 Oct 17.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), most often classified as concussion, is caused by biomechanical forces to the brain resulting in short- or long-term impairment in brain function. TBI resulting from military combat, sports, violence, falls, and vehicular accidents is a major cause of long-term physical, cognitive, and psychiatric dysfunction. Psychiatric disorders associated with TBI include depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder, all having significant implications for post-TBI recovery and rehabilitation. This chapter reviews the current preclinical and clinical literature describing the bidirectional relationship between TBI and misuse of three commonly abused drugs: alcohol, opioids, and cannabis. We highlight the influence of each of these drugs on the incidence of TBI, as well as trends in their use after TBI. Furthermore, we discuss factors that may underlie post-injury substance use. Understanding the complex relationship between TBI and substance misuse will enhance the clinical treatment of individuals suffering from these two highly comorbid conditions.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI），最常被归类为脑震荡，是由大脑的生物力学力引起的，导致短期或长期的脑功能障碍。军事战斗、运动、暴力、跌倒和车辆事故导致的 TBI 是长期身体、认知和精神功能障碍的主要原因。与 TBI 相关的精神疾病包括抑郁、焦虑和物质使用障碍，所有这些都对 TBI 后的恢复和康复有重大影响。本章综述了目前描述 TBI 和三种常见滥用药物（酒精、阿片类药物和大麻）之间双向关系的临床前和临床文献。我们强调了每种药物对 TBI 发生率的影响，以及 TBI 后这些药物使用的趋势。此外，我们还讨论了可能导致受伤后物质使用的因素。了解 TBI 和物质滥用之间的复杂关系将增强对患有这两种高度共病的个体的临床治疗。
