Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2021 Feb 28;63(1):122-128. doi: 10.3897/folmed.63.e55151.
Medical profession is a stress factor for the development of burnout, symptoms of anxiety and depression as a result of 24-hour work, delayed work-life balance gratification and challenges associated with patient care.
This study aimed to verify the rates of burnout, anxiety, and depression presented by health professionals working 24-hour shifts under emergency conditions. Saliva cortisol and glycated hemoglobin were also studied as stress-related biomarkers.
Ninety-five medical professionals - physicians, biologists, chemists, and laboratory technicians were compared to a control group working outside medicine. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Anxiety and depression were measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Zung Depression Scale. Salivary cortisol and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed by the immunoassay methods.
The level of burnout in the subscale of emotional exhaustion was high in 95.6% of medical professionals. In the subscale of personal accomplishment, 100% had high scores. Regarding the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, 22.2% and 68.9% of the medical specialists showed a positive score (≥40) for S-anxiety and T-anxiety scale, respectively. 11.1% indicated greater anxiety (score ≥ 55) for T-anxiety. In relation to the depression scale, 31.1% had mildly depressive states and 8.9% had moderately depressive states. Participants with a high level of emotional exhaustion presented higher results for saliva cortisol and glycated hemoglobin compared to the control group. A significant positive correlation existed between the two dimensions - emotional exhaustion and depression (r=0.683, p<0.01).
Our study may be relevant for further research in order to decrease the negative aspects of professional stress.
医疗行业是导致 burnout、焦虑和抑郁症状的一个压力因素，这是由于 24 小时工作制、延迟的工作与生活平衡满足感以及与患者护理相关的挑战所导致的。
本研究旨在验证在紧急情况下从事 24 小时轮班工作的卫生专业人员所表现出的 burnout、焦虑和抑郁的发生率。还研究了唾液皮质醇和糖化血红蛋白作为与压力相关的生物标志物。
将 95 名医疗专业人员（医生、生物学家、化学家以及实验室技术员）与从事医学以外工作的对照组进行比较。使用 Maslach Burnout Inventory 来衡量 burnout。使用 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 和 Zung Depression Scale 来衡量焦虑和抑郁。通过免疫测定法分析唾液皮质醇和糖化血红蛋白。
95%的医疗专业人员在情绪衰竭子量表中 burnout 水平较高。在个人成就感子量表中，100%的人得分较高。关于 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory，22.2%和 68.9%的医疗专家在 S 焦虑量表和 T 焦虑量表上分别显示出阳性评分（≥40）。11.1%的人 T 焦虑评分较高（得分≥55）。关于抑郁量表，31.1%的人有轻度抑郁状态，8.9%的人有中度抑郁状态。与对照组相比，情绪衰竭程度较高的参与者唾液皮质醇和糖化血红蛋白的结果更高。情绪衰竭和抑郁的两个维度之间存在显著的正相关（r=0.683，p<0.01）。
我们的研究可能对进一步研究具有重要意义，以便减少职业压力的负面影响。
