Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Cell Transplant. 2021 Jan-Dec;30:963689721995455. doi: 10.1177/0963689721995455.
During the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), many critically ill patients died of severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. To date, no specific treatments have been proven to be effective for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the animal models and clinical applications, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been shown safety and efficacy for the treatment of respiratory virus infection through their abilities of differentiation and immunomodulation. Besides, possessing several advantages of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) over MSCs, EV-based therapy also holds potential therapeutic effects in respiratory virus infection. In this review, we summarized the basic characteristics and mechanisms of COVID-19 and MSCs, outlined some preclinical and clinical studies of MSCs or MSC-EVs for respiratory virus infection such as influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, shed light on the common problems that we should overcome to translate MSC therapy into clinical application, and discussed some safe issues related to the use of MSCs.
在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 爆发期间，许多重症患者死于严重肺炎、急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS) 或多器官功能障碍综合征。迄今为止，尚无针对 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的特效治疗方法。在动物模型和临床应用中，间充质基质/干细胞 (MSCs) 通过其分化和免疫调节能力，已被证明对治疗呼吸道病毒感染是安全有效的。此外，与 MSCs 相比，MSC 衍生的细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 具有多种优势，基于 EV 的治疗在呼吸道病毒感染中也具有潜在的治疗效果。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 COVID-19 和 MSCs 的基本特征和机制，概述了一些针对流感病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 等呼吸道病毒感染的 MSCs 或 MSC-EVs 的临床前和临床研究，阐明了将 MSC 疗法转化为临床应用需要克服的常见问题，并讨论了与使用 MSCs 相关的一些安全问题。
