Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Environmental and Integrative Toxicological Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Food Microbiol. 2021 Aug;97:103751. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103751. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
Campylobacter is a major cause of foodborne diarrheal infections in the United States of America (USA). This study aimed to elucidate the patterns of Campylobacter foodborne outbreaks temporally and spatially concerning food vehicles. We collected the data of foodborne outbreaks from 1998 to 2016 reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The incidence rate of outbreaks for each food source was calculated and analyzed for each variable including season, food location, and census region. Overall, 465 single-state outbreaks and 8003 cases were reported during 1998-2016. Outbreaks were frequently attributed to dairy products (32%), chicken (17%) and vegetables (6%). Binomial regression analysis showed that compared to chicken items, the highest rate ratio of outbreaks was associated with dairy products (1.86) followed by vegetables (1.35) and meat products (0.76). More outbreaks were reported in the summer (35%) followed by the spring (26%) and fall (22%) season. We found that the highest number of outbreaks occurred in the West 159 (34%) and Midwest 137 (29%) census regions. The study highlights the role of dairy, chicken, and vegetables as food vehicles in Campylobacter outbreaks. Findings from this study can help in devising strategies to mitigate the increasing occurrence of Campylobacter foodborne outbreaks.
空肠弯曲菌是美国食源性腹泻感染的主要原因。本研究旨在阐明与食源有关的空肠弯曲菌食源性暴发在时间和空间上的模式。我们收集了 1998 年至 2016 年向疾病控制与预防中心报告的食源性暴发数据。计算了每种食物来源的暴发发生率，并对包括季节、食物来源地和普查区域在内的每个变量进行了分析。总的来说，1998-2016 年报告了 465 起单一州暴发和 8003 例病例。暴发通常归因于乳制品（32%）、鸡肉（17%）和蔬菜（6%）。二项式回归分析显示，与鸡肉产品相比，与乳制品（1.86）相关的暴发率最高比值，其次是蔬菜（1.35）和肉类产品（0.76）。夏季（35%）报告的暴发比春季（26%）和秋季（22%）多。我们发现，暴发数量最多的是西部 159 个（34%）和中西部 137 个（29%）普查区域。该研究强调了乳制品、鸡肉和蔬菜作为空肠弯曲菌暴发食源的作用。本研究结果有助于制定策略，减轻日益增加的空肠弯曲菌食源性暴发的发生。
