Risk Assessment and Analytics Staff, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety Inspection Service, USDA, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA.
Risk Assessment and Analytics Staff, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety Inspection Service, USDA, 2150 Centre Avenue, Building D, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2021 Mar 16;342:109075. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109075. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
In many countries campylobacteriosis ranks as one of the most frequently reported foodborne illnesses and poultry is the commodity that is most often associated with these illnesses. Nevertheless, efforts to reduce the occurrence of pathogen contamination on poultry are often more focused on Salmonella. While some control measures are pathogen specific, such as pre-harvest vaccination for Salmonella, improvements in sanitary dressing and interventions applied during the slaughter process can be effective against all forms of microbial contamination. To investigate the potential effectiveness of these non-specific pathogen reduction strategies in the United States, it is helpful to assess if, and by how much, Campylobacter contamination of chicken meat has changed across time. This study assesses change considering data collected in both slaughter and retail establishments and comparing observed trends in contamination with trends in human surveillance data. The results support the assertion that substantial reductions in Campylobacter contamination of chicken meat in the late 1990s and early 2000s contributed to a reduction in the human case rate of campylobacteriosis. Further reductions in chicken meat contamination between 2013 and 2018 are more difficult to associate with trends in human illnesses, with one contributing factor being the inclusion of culture independent diagnostic test results in the official case counts during that time. Other contributing factors are discussed.
在许多国家，弯曲菌病是最常报告的食源性疾病之一，而家禽是与这些疾病最相关的商品。然而，减少家禽中病原体污染的努力往往更侧重于沙门氏菌。虽然一些控制措施是针对病原体的，例如针对沙门氏菌的预先接种疫苗，但在卫生处理和屠宰过程中应用的改进措施可以有效控制所有形式的微生物污染。为了评估这些非特异性病原体减少策略在美国的潜在有效性，评估鸡肉中弯曲菌污染是否随时间发生变化以及变化幅度大小是很有帮助的。本研究通过比较屠宰和零售场所收集的数据，评估了变化情况，并将观察到的污染趋势与人类监测数据的趋势进行了比较。结果支持了这样一种说法，即 20 世纪 90 年代末和 21 世纪初鸡肉中弯曲菌污染的大量减少有助于降低人类弯曲菌病的发病率。2013 年至 2018 年期间鸡肉污染的进一步减少更难以与人类疾病的趋势相关联，其中一个因素是在那段时间内官方病例计数中包含了非培养诊断测试结果。其他因素也进行了讨论。
