A Randomised Controlled Trial to Assess the Benefit of Posterior Rhabdosphincter Reconstruction in Early Urinary Continence Recovery after Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Posterior rhabdosphincter reconstruction (PRR) has been proposed to improve early urinary continence (UC) recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP). In order to generate level 1b evidence, we designed a double-blind randomised controlled trial powered to detect a 20% increase in early UC recovery after robot-assisted RP (RARP). A group of 153 patients with cT1c-3a N0M0 prostate cancer were randomised (73 to control arm and 80 to PRR arm) and 152 completed 12-mo follow-up. For UC defined as no pad use, the recovery hazard ratio at 1-mo follow-up was 2.312 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.081-4.937; p =  0.030). UC recovery was observed in 33.8% of patients in the PRR arm and 18.1% of patients in the control arm (p =  0.022). At 3-mo follow-up the corresponding rates were 58.8% and 43.1% (p =  0.038). The median time to UC recovery was 106 d (95% CI 73-139) in the control arm and 64 d (95% CI 39-89) in PRR arm (p =  0.897). No differences in pathological outcomes or early and late surgical complications were observed between the arms. We conclude that PRR is safe and increases early UC recovery after RARP. PATIENT SUMMARY: We investigated reconstruction of a muscular ring that controls the flow of urine, called the rhabdosphincter, after removal of the prostate in robot-assisted surgery. The procedure is safe and increases early recovery of urinary continence. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03302169.