Miyagawa Naoko, Tsuboyama-Kasaoka Nobuyo, Nishi Nobuo, Tsubota-Utsugi Megumi, Shimoda Haruki, Sakata Kiyomi, Ogawa Akira, Kobayashi Seiichiro
International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan.
J Hum Hypertens. 2022 Mar;36(3):299-307. doi: 10.1038/s41371-021-00500-z. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
Survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 had higher risks of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension, particularly residents of heavy flooding areas and evacuees. Thus far, the association between the prevalence of hypertension and dairy consumption remains unknown among these evacuees. We investigated this association by housing type after the Great East Japan Earthquake. In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a baseline survey among 9569 survivors of the earthquake, aged ≥18 years, between September 2011 and February 2012. Hypertension was defined as a systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or as persons undergoing treatment for high blood pressure. The frequency of dairy consumption was determined using a questionnaire. Participants living in prefabricated housing and emergency shelters were regarded as residents of temporary housing. Hypertension was prevalent among 43.8% and 44.7% of the participants in temporary and non-temporary housing, respectively. A logistic regression analysis of the prevalence of hypertension by daily dairy consumption showed that the magnitude of multivariable-adjusted odds ratios differed according to housing type (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-0.80 in temporary housing; odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.73-0.995 in non-temporary housing; P for interaction = 0.0501). These associations were consistent across subgroups according to sex, age, behavioral factors, obesity, disorders of lipid metabolism, and economic status. A higher frequency of dairy consumption was associated with a lower prevalence of hypertension among community-dwelling survivors of earthquakes and tsunamis, particularly those living in temporary housing. Therefore, dietary therapy involving dairy consumption could help prevent hypertension among evacuees.
2011年东日本大地震的幸存者患心血管疾病和高血压的风险更高，尤其是重灾区居民和撤离者。迄今为止，这些撤离者中高血压患病率与乳制品消费之间的关联尚不清楚。我们通过东日本大地震后的住房类型调查了这种关联。在这项横断面研究中，我们于2011年9月至2012年2月对9569名年龄≥18岁的地震幸存者进行了基线调查。高血压定义为收缩压/舒张压≥140/90 mmHg或正在接受高血压治疗的人。使用问卷确定乳制品消费频率。居住在预制房屋和应急避难所的参与者被视为临时住房居民。临时住房和非临时住房的参与者中高血压患病率分别为43.8%和44.7%。通过每日乳制品消费对高血压患病率进行的逻辑回归分析表明，多变量调整后的优势比大小因住房类型而异（优势比，0.64；95%置信区间，临时住房为0.51 - 0.80；优势比，0.85；95%置信区间，非临时住房为0.73 - 0.995；交互作用P = 0.0501）。根据性别、年龄、行为因素、肥胖、脂质代谢紊乱和经济状况，这些关联在各亚组中是一致的。在地震和海啸的社区居住幸存者中，尤其是那些居住在临时住房中的幸存者，较高的乳制品消费频率与较低的高血压患病率相关。因此，涉及乳制品消费的饮食疗法可能有助于预防撤离者中的高血压。
