Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1321:45-51. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59261-5_4.
COVID-19 is a fatal respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus that quickly became a pandemic. Pregnant women and neonates are two vulnerable groups in COVID-19 infections because the immune system weakens during pregnancy. The present review study was conducted to investigate the rate of vertical transmission in infants born to women with COVID-19 infections and to describe the characteristics of the affected infants. We conducted a search of the various scientific databases using relevant keywords. All English-language studies involving neonates born to women who had COVID-19 infections were included. The main outcomes were rates of vertical transmission and the characteristics of the affected newborns. Out of 13 selected studies, 103 newborns were involved. The rate of vertical transmission was 5.4%. Of the five infected newborns, four were full-term and one was preterm. All were born by Cesarean section. The clinical symptoms were vomiting, fever, lethargy, shortness of breath, and cyanosis. In four newborns, a chest x-ray showed evidence of pneumonia. The most common laboratory finding was leukocytosis and elevated creatine kinase levels. One newborn needed mechanical ventilation. All newborns recovered and were discharged. The findings of this review study showed that the prognosis of newborns of infected mothers was satisfactory, and clinical symptoms of infected neonates did not differ from adults and were nonspecific. Due to the low amount of data regarding this field, further studies with higher sample sizes are required for more definitive conclusions.
新型冠状病毒引发的 COVID-19 是一种致命的呼吸道疾病，迅速成为一种大流行病。孕妇和新生儿是 COVID-19 感染的两个脆弱群体，因为怀孕期间免疫系统会减弱。本综述研究旨在调查 COVID-19 感染孕妇所生婴儿的垂直传播率，并描述受影响婴儿的特征。我们使用相关关键词在各种科学数据库中进行了搜索。所有涉及 COVID-19 感染孕妇所生新生儿的英语研究均包括在内。主要结果是垂直传播率和受影响新生儿的特征。在 13 项选定的研究中，有 103 名新生儿参与。垂直传播率为 5.4%。在感染的 5 名新生儿中，有 4 名是足月产，1 名是早产。所有新生儿均通过剖宫产分娩。临床症状为呕吐、发热、嗜睡、呼吸急促和发绀。在 4 名新生儿中，胸部 X 光片显示有肺炎的证据。最常见的实验室发现是白细胞增多和肌酸激酶水平升高。1 名新生儿需要机械通气。所有新生儿均康复出院。本综述研究结果表明，感染母亲的新生儿预后良好，感染新生儿的临床症状与成人无差异，且无特异性。由于该领域的数据量较少，需要进一步开展更大样本量的研究，以得出更明确的结论。
