Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1321:173-180. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59261-5_15.
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-C0V-2 virus, was initially considered and managed in a similar manner to the previous SARS epidemic as they are both caused by coronaviruses. What has now become apparent is that a major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 is abnormal thrombosis. This thrombosis occurs on a macro- and microvascular level and is unique to this disease. The virus has been demonstrated in the endothelium of the pulmonary alveoli and as such is thought to contribute to the devastating respiratory complications encountered. D-dimer concentrations are frequently raised in COVID to levels not frequently seen previously. The optimal anticoagulation treatment in COVID remains to be determined, and the myriad of pathophysiologic effects caused by this virus in the human host have also yet to be fully elucidated.
由 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引起的 COVID-19 大流行最初被认为与之前的 SARS 流行相似，因为它们都是由冠状病毒引起的。现在已经很明显，COVID-19 发病率和死亡率的一个主要原因是异常血栓形成。这种血栓形成发生在宏观和微观血管水平，是这种疾病所特有的。该病毒已在肺肺泡的内皮细胞中被证明，因此被认为有助于发生破坏性的呼吸并发症。COVID 中的 D-二聚体浓度经常升高到以前不常见的水平。COVID 中的最佳抗凝治疗仍有待确定，而且这种病毒在人体宿主中引起的无数病理生理效应尚未完全阐明。
