Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California.
CA Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2021 May 1;36(3):360-366. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000847.
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed preexisting racial disparities in the healthcare system. This review discusses racial-ethnic differences in COVID-19 related outcomes with an emphasis on the social determinants of health that are responsible for these disparities.
Higher hospitalizations and deaths have been reported amongst minority individuals after a COVID-19 infection. Cardiovascular disease and its risk factors are also more common in minority populations and negatively impact clinical outcomes after a COVID-19 illness. The racial disparities seen after COVID-19 infections appear to be driven by multiple preexisting comorbidities, adverse socioeconomic conditions, and lack of access to healthcare. These disadvantages were present before the COVID-19 pandemic. To effectively reduce disparities in outcomes of COVID-19 and the impact of the virus on minority communities, a multifaceted approach will be needed.
Government-backed policies that foster health equity and promote easily accessible testing and fair distribution of COVID-19 therapies and vaccines are necessary to successfully combat racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行暴露了医疗体系中先前存在的种族差异。本综述讨论了与 COVID-19 相关结果的种族差异，重点讨论了导致这些差异的健康的社会决定因素。
COVID-19 感染后，少数群体的住院率和死亡率较高。心血管疾病及其危险因素在少数群体中更为常见，并且对 COVID-19 疾病后的临床结果产生负面影响。COVID-19 感染后出现的种族差异似乎是由多种先前存在的合并症、不利的社会经济条件和缺乏医疗保健共同驱动的。这些劣势在 COVID-19 大流行之前就已经存在。为了有效减少 COVID-19 结果的差异以及该病毒对少数族裔社区的影响，需要采取多方面的方法。
需要政府支持的政策来促进健康公平，并促进 COVID-19 检测的便捷性以及 COVID-19 疗法和疫苗的公平分配，这对于成功应对 COVID-19 结果中的种族差异至关重要。
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