Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea,
Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2021;182(6):546-552. doi: 10.1159/000512920. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Obesity/overweight is associated with a higher risk of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children.
This study aimed at exploring the mechanisms by which obesity affects the severity of AR through leptin and interleukin (IL)-1β were investigated.
In all, 210 subjects with AR and 82 subjects without AR were included in this study. The levels of leptin and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the serum to investigate the correlation with the severity of AR. Additionally, we analyzed whether changes in BMI regulate the severity of AR through serial follow-up of obese children.
IL-1β, which is a biomarker of active inflammation in AR, was significantly higher in individuals with AR than in those without and higher in subjects in the obesity group than in those in the normal weight group. A regression analysis showed that the leptin level was associated with increased IL-1β expression in children with AR. In the multivariate analysis, only parental AR (9.2-fold increase in risk), elevated leptin (11.3-fold increase in risk), and high expression of IL-1β (5.8-fold increase in risk) emerged as significant risk factors of moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis. We also found that children with an increase or decrease in BMI showed changes in IL-1β and AR symptoms, which these changes were dependent on leptin and BMI.
These results suggest that obesity is an important risk factor for the exacerbation of symptoms and leptin can exacerbate inflammation as well as severe and persistent symptoms through IL-1β in AR.
肥胖/超重与儿童变应性鼻炎（AR）的风险增加有关。
本研究旨在通过研究瘦素和白细胞介素（IL）-1β来探讨肥胖影响 AR 严重程度的机制。
本研究共纳入 210 例 AR 患者和 82 例无 AR 患者。检测血清中瘦素和炎症生物标志物的水平，以探讨其与 AR 严重程度的相关性。此外，我们通过对肥胖儿童的系列随访，分析 BMI 的变化是否通过调节 AR 的严重程度。
AR 中活跃炎症的生物标志物 IL-1β在 AR 患者中明显高于非 AR 患者，在肥胖组中高于正常体重组。回归分析显示，瘦素水平与 AR 儿童中 IL-1β表达的增加有关。在多变量分析中，只有父母 AR（风险增加 9.2 倍）、瘦素升高（风险增加 11.3 倍）和 IL-1β高表达（风险增加 5.8 倍）是中重度持续性变应性鼻炎的显著危险因素。我们还发现，BMI 增加或减少的儿童的 IL-1β和 AR 症状发生变化，这些变化依赖于瘦素和 BMI。
这些结果表明，肥胖是症状恶化的重要危险因素，瘦素可以通过 IL-1β加重 AR 中的炎症以及严重和持续的症状。
