Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States.
Sleep Med. 2022 Mar;91:175-178. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.018. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Healthy sleep is vital for physical and psychological health, and poor sleep can result in a myriad of negative physical and psychological outcomes. Insomnia symptoms often manifest as a result of acute life stressors or changes, and COVID-19 experiences may be one such stressor. Other known predisposing factors to insomnia may moderate the impact of COVID-19 experiences on sleep. The present study aimed to determine current levels of insomnia severity in a US sample, to investigate the relation of COVID-19 experiences to insomnia symptoms, and to determine which individuals are most susceptible to this association.
Data were drawn from a larger online survey investigating sleep and health outcomes across the lifespan. COVID-19 experiences were assessed with the exposure and impact subscales of the CAIR Pandemic Impact Questionnaire (C-PIQ). The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) measured insomnia symptoms. Biological, psychological, and social moderators were measured using other brief self-report measures.
Insomnia symptoms prevalence was as follows: moderate-to-severe symptoms (25.5%), subthreshold symptoms (37.7%), and no symptoms (36.7%). Individuals' COVID-19 experiences significantly predicted insomnia symptom severity [F(1,997) = 472.92, p < 0.001, R = 0.32]. This association was moderated by race, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical somatization, and social loneliness, but not age, gender, or education.
Although negative experiences with COVID-19 are associated with worse insomnia symptoms, this relationship is not the same for everyone.
目的/背景：健康的睡眠对于身心健康至关重要，而睡眠质量差可能会导致诸多身心负面影响。失眠症状通常是由急性生活应激源或变化引起的，而 COVID-19 经历可能就是其中一种应激源。其他已知的失眠易患因素可能会调节 COVID-19 经历对睡眠的影响。本研究旨在确定美国样本中当前失眠严重程度水平，探讨 COVID-19 经历与失眠症状的关系，并确定哪些个体最容易受到这种关联的影响。
数据来自一项更大的在线调查，该调查研究了整个生命周期中的睡眠和健康结果。COVID-19 经历使用 CAIR 大流行影响问卷（C-PIQ）的暴露和影响子量表进行评估。失眠严重程度指数（ISI）测量失眠症状。使用其他简短的自我报告措施测量生物、心理和社会调节因素。
失眠症状的患病率如下：中重度症状（25.5%）、亚阈值症状（37.7%）和无症状（36.7%）。个体的 COVID-19 经历显著预测了失眠症状严重程度[F(1,997) = 472.92，p < 0.001，R = 0.32]。这种关联受到种族、焦虑症状、抑郁症状、躯体化和社交孤独感的调节，但不受年龄、性别或教育的调节。
尽管 COVID-19 的负面经历与更严重的失眠症状相关，但这种关系并非对每个人都相同。
