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护理人员职业暴力缓解:对用于院前护理的急救服务人员预防策略和经验的全面系统综述。

Paramedic occupational violence mitigation: a comprehensive systematic review of emergency service worker prevention strategies and experiences for use in prehospital care.

作者信息

Drew Peter, Tippett Vivienne, Devenish Scott

机构信息

Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia

Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.

出版信息

Occup Environ Med. 2021 Nov;78(11):841-848. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107037. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Abstract

Occupational violence is a significant issue within the context of prehospital healthcare with the majority of paramedics reporting some form of abuse, intimidation, physical or sexual assault during their career. Though the paramedic literature acknowledges the severity of this issue, there is limited literature examining occupational violence mitigation strategies. Despite this, the operational and environmental similarities that exist between paramedics and other emergency service workers such as the police and firefighters, provide an opportunity to review relatable occupational violence mitigation strategies and experiences.This review used Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for systematic reviews of both qualitative evidence and effectiveness. Studies included in this review incorporated those published in English from 1990 to January 2020.Two qualitative studies met the criteria for review. From these, a total of 22 findings were extracted and combined to form four categories from which two syntheses were developed. Twenty-four quantitative studies, encompassing six unique fields, met the criteria for review.Mitigation strategies for emergency service worker occupational violence are not easily defined. They are dynamic, multilayered and encompass a variety of complex social, medical and psychological influences. In spite of this, there are clear benefits to their application in regard to the approaches and training of violence mitigation. The paramedic environment would benefit from strategies that are flexible to the ongoing needs of the workers and the specific cultural, environmental and social factors that encompass the paramedic organisation.

摘要

在院前医疗环境中,职业暴力是一个重大问题,大多数护理人员报告在其职业生涯中遭受过某种形式的虐待、恐吓、身体攻击或性侵犯。尽管护理人员相关文献承认了这个问题的严重性,但研究职业暴力缓解策略的文献有限。尽管如此,护理人员与警察和消防员等其他应急服务工作者在操作和环境方面存在相似之处,这为审视相关的职业暴力缓解策略和经验提供了机会。本综述采用了乔安娜·布里格斯研究所关于定性证据和有效性系统评价的指南。本综述纳入的研究包括1990年至2020年1月以英文发表的研究。两项定性研究符合综述标准。从中总共提取并合并了22项研究结果,形成了四个类别,并据此开展了两项综合分析。24项定量研究涵盖六个独特领域,符合综述标准。应急服务工作者职业暴力的缓解策略不易界定。它们是动态的、多层次的,涵盖各种复杂的社会、医学和心理影响。尽管如此,在暴力缓解的方法和培训方面应用这些策略显然有好处。护理人员工作环境将受益于那些能灵活适应工作人员持续需求以及护理人员组织所包含的特定文化、环境和社会因素的策略。

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