Suprun I I, Plugatar S A, Stepanov I V, Naumenko T S
North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making, Krasnodar, Russia.
Order of the Red Banner of Labour Nikita Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yalta, Republic of the Crimea, Russia.
Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii. 2020 Aug;24(5):474-480. doi: 10.18699/VJ20.639.
In connection with the development of breeding and the creation of new plant varieties, the problem of their genotyping and identification is becoming increasingly important, therefore the use of molecular methods to identify genetic originality and assess plant genetic diversity appears to be relevant. As part of the work performed, informative ISSR and IRAP DNA markers promising for the study of genetic diversity of the Rosa L. genus were sought and applied to analysis of genetic relationships among 26 accessions of the genus Rosa L. from the gene pool collection of Nikita Botanical Gardens. They included 18 cultivated varieties and 8 accessions of wild species. The species sample included representatives of two subgenera, Rosa and Platyrhodon. The subgenus Platyrhodon was represented by one accession of the species R. roxburghii Tratt. Cultivated roses were represented by varieties of garden groups hybrid tea, floribunda, and grandiflora. The tested markers included 32 ISSRs and 13 IRAPs. Five ISSR markers (UBC 824, ASSR29, 3A21, UBC 864, and UBC 843) and three IRAPs (TDK 2R, Сass1, and Сass2) were chosen as the most promising. They were used for genotyping the studied sample of genotypes. In general, they appeared to be suitable for further use in studying the genetic diversity of the genus Rosa L. The numbers of polymorphic fragments ranged from 12 to 31, averaging 19.25 fragments per marker. For markers UBC 864 and UBC 843, unique fingerprints were identified in each accession studied. The genetic relationships of the studied species and varieties of roses analyzed by the UPGMA, PCoA, and Bayesian methods performed on the basis of IRAP and ISSR genotyping are consistent with their taxonomic positions. The genotype of the species R. roxburghii of the subgenus Platyrhodon was determined genetically as the most distant. According to clustering methods, the representative of the species R. bengalensis did not stand out from the group of cultivated varieties. When assessing the level of genetic similarity among the cultivated varieties of garden roses, the most genetically isolated varieties were 'Flamingo', 'Queen Elizabeth', and 'Kordes Sondermeldung'; for most of the other varieties, groups of the greatest genetic similarity were identified. This assessment reflects general trends in phylogenetic relationships, both among the studied species of the genus and among cultivated varieties.
随着育种工作的开展以及新植物品种的培育，对其进行基因分型和鉴定的问题变得越来越重要，因此利用分子方法来鉴定遗传独特性和评估植物遗传多样性显得十分必要。作为所开展工作的一部分，寻找了对蔷薇属植物遗传多样性研究有前景的信息丰富的ISSR和IRAP DNA标记，并将其应用于对尼基塔植物园基因库中26份蔷薇属植物种质资源的遗传关系分析。其中包括18个栽培品种和8份野生种。物种样本包括两个亚属蔷薇亚属（Rosa）和硕苞蔷薇亚属（Platyrhodon）的代表。硕苞蔷薇亚属由一份刺梨（R. roxburghii Tratt.）种质代表。栽培玫瑰由杂交茶香月季、丰花月季和大花月季等园林类群的品种代表。所测试的标记包括32个ISSR和13个IRAP。选择了5个ISSR标记（UBC 824、ASSR29、3A21、UBC 864和UBC 843）和3个IRAP（TDK 2R、Сass1和Сass2）作为最有前景的标记。它们被用于对所研究的基因型样本进行基因分型。总体而言，它们似乎适合进一步用于研究蔷薇属的遗传多样性。多态性片段的数量从12到31不等，每个标记平均有19.25个片段。对于标记UBC 864和UBC 843，在所研究的每个种质中都鉴定出了独特的指纹图谱。基于IRAP和ISSR基因分型，通过UPGMA、PCoA和贝叶斯方法分析的所研究的玫瑰物种和品种的遗传关系与其分类地位一致。硕苞蔷薇亚属的刺梨物种基因型在遗传上被确定为最具差异性。根据聚类方法，孟加拉蔷薇（R. bengalensis）的代表没有从栽培品种组中区分出来。在评估园林玫瑰栽培品种之间的遗传相似性水平时，遗传上最孤立的品种是“火烈鸟”、“伊丽莎白女王”和“科德斯通报”；对于大多数其他品种，确定了遗传相似性最大的组。这种评估反映了该属所研究物种之间以及栽培品种之间系统发育关系的总体趋势。
