Ghent University, Belgium.
Ghent University, Belgium.
J Adolesc. 2021 Apr;88:67-83. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.02.004. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Satisfaction of adolescents' basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness contributes to their well-being. Socialization figures (e.g., parents) can assist adolescents in getting these needs met. In addition, adolescents can engage in need crafting, thereby proactively managing their behavior towards improved need satisfaction. This research aimed to develop a need crafting measure and to examine the role of need crafting in adolescents' need-based experiences and mental health.
A cross-sectional study in 233 Flemish students (Study 1; M = 16.6, 58.4% female) addressed the psychometric properties of a need crafting measure and its associations with relevant constructs. Using a three-wave longitudinal study in 436 Flemish students (Study 2; M = 16.33, 66,0% female), we investigated the role of need crafting in adolescents' mental health and the intervening role of need-based experiences.
In Study 1, a CFA yielded evidence for the psychometric quality of the need crafting measure. Need crafting was related in meaningful ways with different validation constructs and with adolescents' need-based experiences. Study 2 showed that need crafting was related to adolescents' mental health, both at the level of inter-individual differences and at the level of intra-individual change. Need-based experiences accounted partly for the mental health benefits associated with need crafting, with the effects remaining significant after controlling for perceived maternal need-support.
The findings provide initial evidence for the importance of adolescents' need crafting in mental health. Future research needs to further examine factors that determine adolescents' ability to manage their own psychological needs.
满足青少年自主、能力和相关需求等基本心理需求有助于他们的幸福。社会化人物（例如父母）可以帮助青少年满足这些需求。此外，青少年可以进行需求塑造，从而主动管理自己的行为以提高需求满足感。本研究旨在开发一种需求塑造测量工具，并研究需求塑造在青少年基于需求的体验和心理健康中的作用。
一项对 233 名佛兰芒学生（研究 1；M=16.6，58.4%为女性）的横断面研究解决了需求塑造测量工具的心理测量特性及其与相关结构的关联。使用 436 名佛兰芒学生（研究 2；M=16.33，66.0%为女性）的三波纵向研究，我们调查了需求塑造在青少年心理健康中的作用以及基于需求的体验的中介作用。
在研究 1 中，验证性因素分析为需求塑造测量工具的心理测量质量提供了证据。需求塑造与不同的验证结构以及青少年基于需求的体验以有意义的方式相关。研究 2 表明，需求塑造与青少年的心理健康有关，无论是在个体间差异的水平上，还是在个体内变化的水平上。基于需求的体验部分解释了与需求塑造相关的心理健康益处，即使在控制了感知到的母亲需求支持后，这些影响仍然显著。
这些发现为青少年需求塑造在心理健康中的重要性提供了初步证据。未来的研究需要进一步研究决定青少年管理自身心理需求能力的因素。
