Shah Hussun-Ara, Madathil Asgar, Routh Charlotte
Medical Education, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Respiratory Medicine, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
BMJ Case Rep. 2021 Mar 4;14(3):e239955. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239955.
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare tumour but hypertension conversely is very common. We present the case of a woman in her 30s, with poorly controlled hypertension on four antihypertensive agents. She was referred to the accident and emergency department with hypokalaemia. For a year, she had experienced oedema, weight gain, acne, hirsutism and oligomenorrhea. She had a classic Cushingoid appearance and marked striae. Cushing's syndrome was confirmed biochemically with an abnormal overnight dexamethasone suppression test. She was diagnosed with metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma following CT imaging. This was resected via a right adrenalectomy, nephrectomy and cholecystectomy. She also received mitotane. Unfortunately, she has a terminal prognosis having experienced a recurrence. This case demonstrates the value of a thorough clinical assessment. More importantly, it highlights the need to refer earlier patients under 40 with resistant hypertension to a specialist. Finally, it encourages clinicians to investigate hypokalaemia in the context of hypertension.
肾上腺皮质癌是一种罕见的肿瘤,而高血压则相反,非常常见。我们报告了一名30多岁女性的病例,她使用四种抗高血压药物治疗后血压仍控制不佳。她因低钾血症被转诊至急诊科。一年来,她出现了水肿、体重增加、痤疮、多毛症和月经过少。她有典型的库欣样外貌和明显的条纹。过夜地塞米松抑制试验异常,生化检查确诊为库欣综合征。CT成像后诊断为转移性肾上腺皮质癌。通过右肾上腺切除术、肾切除术和胆囊切除术将其切除。她还接受了米托坦治疗。不幸的是,她复发后预后不佳。该病例展示了全面临床评估的价值。更重要的是,它强调了需要更早地将40岁以下难治性高血压患者转诊给专科医生。最后,它鼓励临床医生在高血压背景下对低钾血症进行调查。