Institute for Prevention and Cancer Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Elsässerstr. 2, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
Division for Quantitative Methods in Public Health and Health Services Research, Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT-University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tyrol, Austria.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 4;11(1):5157. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83746-4.
We examined whether regular television (TV) viewing at ages 3-5 and 5-10 years is related to the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in adult women. We used data from 34,512 mother-nurse daughter dyads in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) II and the Nurses' Mothers' Cohort Study. Mothers of NHS II participants completed a questionnaire on their pregnancy with the nurse and her early life experience. During 391,442 person-years of follow-up from 2001 to 2013, 1515 nurses developed T2D. Increasing levels of TV viewing at 3-5 years of age retrospectively reported by the mothers were related to a greater risk of T2D in adulthood: multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for ≤ 1, 2, and ≥ 3 h/day vs. no TV viewing were 1.11 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.28], 1.20 (95% CI 1.02-1.41), and 1.35 (95% CI 1.11-1.65), p trend = 0.002, respectively, after adjustment for early life variables, including childhood physical activity and adiposity. Retrospectively reported TV viewing for ≥ 3 h/day at 5-10 years of age was associated with a 34% greater risk of adult T2D (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.70, p trend < 0.001). Additional adjustments for adult variables, including adult TV viewing and current BMI attenuated the effect estimates (≥ 3 h/day TV viewing at 3-5 years: HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.99-1.49, p trend = 0.07; TV viewing at 5-10 years: 1.16, 95% CI 0.91-1.49, p trend = 0.09). The present study suggests that TV viewing during early childhood increases risk of T2D in adult women; adult BMI explains part of this association. Further research is required to confirm this observation and understand the mediating pathways.
我们研究了 3-5 岁和 5-10 岁期间常规看电视与成年女性 2 型糖尿病（T2D）发病之间的关系。我们使用了来自护士健康研究 II（NHS II）和护士母亲队列研究中的 34512 对母亲-护士-女儿的队列数据。NHS II 参与者的母亲在怀孕期间以及护士的早期生活经历完成了一份问卷。在 2001 年至 2013 年期间的 391442 人年随访中，有 1515 名护士患上了 T2D。母亲回顾性报告的 3-5 岁期间看电视时间增多与成年后患 T2D 的风险增加相关：与不看电视相比，≤1、2 和≥3 小时/天的多变量校正风险比（HRs）分别为 1.11（95%置信区间（CI）0.96-1.28）、1.20（95%CI 1.02-1.41）和 1.35（95%CI 1.11-1.65），p 趋势=0.002，分别调整了包括儿童期体力活动和肥胖在内的早期生活变量后。回顾性报告的 5-10 岁期间每天看电视≥3 小时与成年 T2D 的风险增加 34%相关（HR 1.34，95%CI 1.05-1.70，p 趋势<0.001）。进一步调整成人变量，包括成人看电视和当前 BMI，会减弱效应估计值（3-5 岁时每天看电视≥3 小时：HR 1.22，95%CI 0.99-1.49，p 趋势=0.07；5-10 岁时：1.16，95%CI 0.91-1.49，p 趋势=0.09）。本研究表明，儿童早期看电视会增加成年女性患 T2D 的风险；成人 BMI 部分解释了这种关联。需要进一步的研究来证实这一观察结果并了解其中的中介途径。
