Zhang Jie, Chen Zhewen, Lu Yanwen, Tu Daoyuan, Zou Fengqian, Lin Shouwen, Yu Weinan, Miao Mingyong, Shi Hanping
Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, 223002, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Onco Targets Ther. 2021 Feb 26;14:1465-1477. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S283465. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed to investigate the potential antitumor effects and mechanisms underlying the action of a functional food containing 55 different natural food ingredients.
Azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium was used to establish a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Serum levels of cytokines, diamine oxidase, D-lactate, and endotoxin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Immune cells from the mouse spleen and tumor tissue were analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to study the fecal microbiota and microbial metabolites, respectively.
The tumor growth was significantly lower in the FFD group than in the model group. The intestinal barrier function, fat mass, and lean body mass were significantly improved in the FFD group compared with the model group. The levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly lower in the FFD group, while the proportions of total T cells, CD3CD4, CD3CD8, and interferon-γ-producing CD4 T cells were significantly higher. Analysis of the diversity of the gut microbiota identified 60 differential bacterial genera between the FFD and model groups, with lower abundances of and unclassified Ruminococcaceae and higher abundances of the beneficial bacterial genera and in the FFD group. The fecal metabolite analysis revealed 635 differential metabolites between the FFD and model groups, with lower levels of deuteroporphyrin IX and citrulline and higher levels of acetic acid and ascorbic acid in the FFD group.
Our results demonstrate that the functional food tested can inhibit the growth of colorectal cancer. This effect may be due to the ability of this food to improve nutritional status, enhance intestinal barrier function, and regulate the tumor microenvironment via changes in the intestinal microbiota and metabolites.
本研究旨在探究一种含有55种不同天然食品成分的功能性食品的潜在抗肿瘤作用及其作用机制。
使用氧化偶氮甲烷/葡聚糖硫酸钠建立小鼠结直肠癌模型。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量细胞因子、二胺氧化酶、D-乳酸和内毒素的血清水平。通过流式细胞术分析小鼠脾脏和肿瘤组织中的免疫细胞。最后，分别使用16S rRNA基因测序和液相色谱-质谱联用技术研究粪便微生物群和微生物代谢产物。
FFD组的肿瘤生长明显低于模型组。与模型组相比，FFD组的肠道屏障功能、脂肪量和瘦体重均得到显著改善。FFD组白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平显著降低，而总T细胞、CD3CD4、CD3CD8和产生干扰素-γ的CD4 T细胞比例显著升高。对肠道微生物群多样性的分析确定了FFD组和模型组之间60个不同的细菌属，FFD组中未分类的瘤胃球菌科丰度较低，有益细菌属双歧杆菌属和阿克曼氏菌属丰度较高。粪便代谢物分析显示FFD组和模型组之间有635种差异代谢物，FFD组中脱氧卟啉IX和瓜氨酸水平较低，乙酸和抗坏血酸水平较高。
我们的结果表明，所测试的功能性食品可以抑制结直肠癌的生长。这种作用可能归因于该食品能够通过改变肠道微生物群和代谢产物来改善营养状况、增强肠道屏障功能并调节肿瘤微环境。
