Crossley Michael S, Snyder William E, Hardy Nate B
Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens GA USA.
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University Auburn AL USA.
Evol Appl. 2020 Aug 27;14(2):290-296. doi: 10.1111/eva.13089. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Herbivorous insects must circumvent the chemical defenses of their host plants and, in cropping systems, must also circumvent synthetic insecticides. The pre-adaptation hypothesis posits that when herbivorous insects evolve resistance to insecticides, they co-opt adaptations against host plant defenses. Despite its intuitive appeal, few predictions of this hypothesis have been tested systematically. Here, with survival analysis of more than 17,000 herbivore-insecticide interactions, we show that resistance evolution tends to be faster when herbivorous insect diets are broad (but not too broad) and when insecticides and plant defensive chemicals are similar (but not too similar). These general relations suggest a complex interplay between macro-evolutionary contingencies and contemporary population genetic processes, and provide a predictive framework to forecast which pest species are most likely to develop resistance to particular insecticide chemistries.
植食性昆虫必须避开宿主植物的化学防御，而在种植系统中，它们还必须避开合成杀虫剂。预适应假说认为，当植食性昆虫进化出对杀虫剂的抗性时，它们会采用对抗宿主植物防御的适应性机制。尽管这一假说颇具直观吸引力，但很少有对该假说的预测得到系统检验。在此，通过对17000多个植食性昆虫与杀虫剂相互作用的生存分析，我们表明，当植食性昆虫的食物种类广泛（但不过于广泛）以及杀虫剂与植物防御性化学物质相似（但不过于相似）时，抗性进化往往更快。这些普遍关系表明宏观进化偶然性与当代种群遗传过程之间存在复杂的相互作用，并提供了一个预测框架，以预测哪些害虫物种最有可能对特定的杀虫剂化学类型产生抗性。
