González C, Bolaños-Guerrón D
Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la construcción, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador.
Centro de Nanociencia y nanotecnología CENCINAT, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador.
Heliyon. 2021 Feb 15;7(2):e05838. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05838. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Ecuador is a signatory of the Stockholm Convention on chemical substances and hazardous waste and is responsible for complying with the guidelines for the environmentally adequate disposal of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the country until 2025. The global management of PCBs begins with the sampling of transformers, analysis of dielectric oil, characterization and final disposal of transformers, oil and PCB material belonging to the electricity sector and private owners. The information on the characterization of PCBs is recorded and stored in a computer system called the National PCB Inventory and Monitoring System (SNIS-PCB), in which, the information of 216,632 transformers must be recorded for the present investigation. In the past 2018, the system registered 90,346 transformers, equivalent to 40% of the inventory, 3,494 of them were contaminated and are owned by electricity companies, and it was estimated that there are 1,063 contaminated transformers from private owners. The objective of the research is to analyze the economic and technical feasibility of the technologies available and allowed in the national regulations for the final disposal of these hazardous wastes. According to the technical characteristics of the technologies, logistical limitations and quantity of PCBs in the country, it has been determined that Dichlorination is a technological option that can be used for the treatment of PCBs, also offering the opportunity of decontamination, reuse of the material, and it is friendly with the environment.
厄瓜多尔是《关于化学物质和危险废物的斯德哥尔摩公约》的签署国，负责在2025年前遵守该国关于多氯联苯（PCBs）环境适宜处置的指导方针。多氯联苯的全球管理始于对变压器进行采样、分析绝缘油、对变压器进行特性鉴定以及对电力部门和私人所有者的变压器、油和多氯联苯材料进行最终处置。多氯联苯特性鉴定的信息被记录并存储在一个名为国家多氯联苯清单和监测系统（SNIS-PCB）的计算机系统中，在本次调查中，必须记录216,632台变压器的信息。在过去的2018年，该系统登记了90,346台变压器，相当于清单的40%，其中3,494台被污染，归电力公司所有，据估计还有1,063台被污染的变压器属于私人所有者。该研究的目的是分析国家法规中允许的用于这些危险废物最终处置的现有技术的经济和技术可行性。根据这些技术的技术特点、后勤限制以及该国多氯联苯的数量，已确定二氯化是一种可用于处理多氯联苯的技术选择，还提供了去污、材料再利用的机会，并且对环境友好。
