Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jul;37(13-14):NP12066-NP12085. doi: 10.1177/0886260521997446. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Research focusing on the relationship between interpersonal violence and nutritional status in adolescence is scarce and has distinct results. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of family physical and sexual violence with inadequate nutritional status in Brazilian adolescents. We used data from the 2015 Brazilian National Survey of School Health. This study includes 11.850 students, older than 13 years, attending from sixth to ninth grade of elementary school and from the 1st to the 3rd year of high school. The exposures were family physical violence and rape. The outcome was nutritional status, assessed through body mass index. The association between exposures and outcome were investigated using a multinomial logistic regression model. These analyses were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and family variables. The prevalence of family physical violence victimization was approximately 14% among adolescents for both sexes. The prevalence of rape was 4.6% and 5.7% among male and female adolescents, respectively. Family physical violence was not associated with being underweight, overweight, or obese, in either crude or adjusted models for both sexes. Sexual violence was inversely associated with being underweight only for male adolescents (OR: 0.21, CI 95%: 0.06-0.75). In female adolescents, sexual violence was associated with overweight/obesity (OR: 1.64, CI 95%:1.15-2.33). In this study, rape, but not family physical violence victimization, was associated with nutritional status in adolescents of both sexes. Nonetheless, this association was different between boys and girls. Rape was inversely associated with being underweight in male adolescents, whereas, in female adolescents, it was associated with excess body weight.
研究青少年人际暴力与营养状况之间的关系的文献很少，且结果各异。本研究旨在探讨家庭身体暴力和性暴力与巴西青少年营养状况不良之间的关联。我们使用了 2015 年巴西全国学校卫生调查的数据。本研究包括 11850 名年龄在 13 岁以上、正在上小学六年级至九年级和高中一年级至三年级的学生。暴露因素为家庭身体暴力和强奸。营养状况是通过体重指数来评估的。采用多项逻辑回归模型来研究暴露因素与结局之间的关联。这些分析调整了人口统计学、社会经济和家庭变量。大约 14%的青少年报告曾遭受过家庭身体暴力。男性和女性青少年的强奸发生率分别为 4.6%和 5.7%。在男女两性的粗模型和调整模型中，家庭身体暴力与消瘦、超重或肥胖均无关联。性暴力仅与男性青少年消瘦呈负相关（OR：0.21，95%CI：0.06-0.75）。在女性青少年中，性暴力与超重/肥胖有关（OR：1.64，95%CI：1.15-2.33）。在这项研究中，强奸而非家庭身体暴力与青少年的营养状况有关。然而，这种关联在男孩和女孩之间是不同的。强奸与男性青少年消瘦呈负相关，而在女性青少年中，与超重有关。
