Master's Degree in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2013 Sep-Oct;89(5):456-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2013.02.021. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
To describe and analyze the trends of occurrence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in schoolchildren.
This was a longitudinal study of trends conducted in a voluntary sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. The sample was grouped by year of collection (period I: 2005 and 2006; period II: 2007 and 2008, and period III: 2009-2011), age category (children: 7 to 10 years, and adolescents: 11 to 14 years), and stratified by gender. The body mass index was used to classify the nutritional profile. Trend analysis was verified using multinomial logistic regression (p<0.05).
Mean occurrences were 2.11% for underweight, 22.27% for overweight, and 6.8% for obesity. There was a decrease of underweight in male adolescents from period I to II, as well as an increase in female children from period II to III. Regarding overweight, there was an increase followed by a decrease in male children. Regarding obesity, there was an increase from period I to II in all age groups and for both genders.
The prevalence of underweight was less than 5% in all categories of age and gender. However, the categories of overweight and obesity showed higher values, and together comprised almost 30% of the young Brazilian population; moreover, a trend toward increase in prevalence of obesity was observed up to the year 2008, followed by the maintenance of these high prevalence rates.
描述和分析儿童青少年体重不足、超重和肥胖发生率的变化趋势。
这是一项在巴西儿童和青少年自愿样本中进行的纵向趋势研究。该样本按收集年份（第 I 期：2005 年和 2006 年；第 II 期：2007 年和 2008 年，第 III 期：2009 年至 2011 年）、年龄组（儿童：7 至 10 岁，青少年：11 至 14 岁）和性别分层进行分组。使用体重指数来对营养状况进行分类。使用多项逻辑回归（p<0.05）验证趋势分析。
体重不足的平均发生率为 2.11%，超重的发生率为 22.27%，肥胖的发生率为 6.8%。男性青少年的体重不足从第 I 期到第 II 期有所减少，而女性儿童从第 II 期到第 III 期有所增加。超重方面，男性儿童的发生率先增加后减少。肥胖方面，所有年龄组和性别从第 I 期到第 II 期都有所增加。
所有年龄组和性别中，体重不足的发生率均低于 5%。然而，超重和肥胖的发生率较高，两者合计占巴西年轻人口的近 30%；此外，肥胖的流行率呈上升趋势，直到 2008 年，随后维持了这些高流行率。
