Clinical feasibility and oncologic safety of primary endoscopic submucosal dissection for clinical submucosal invasive early gastric cancer.

PURPOSE

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feasibility and oncologic safety of primary endoscopic submucosal dissection for cT1bN0M0 gastric cancer by identifying patients who had undergone curative resection after endoscopic submucosal dissection and patients who had undergone primary surgery but could be treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection.

METHODS

A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with cT1bN0M0 gastric cancer (size: ≤ 30 mm) and differentiated histology from January 2007 to May 2017. Submucosal invasion was evaluated using conventional endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography. Patients were divided into the primary endoscopic submucosal dissection and primary surgery groups according to initial treatment.

RESULTS

Curative resection rate was 65.0% (91/140) in the primary endoscopic submucosal dissection group. Of patients in the primary surgery group, 49.1% (82/167) were considered eligible for endoscopic submucosal dissection. No differences in en bloc resection rate were observed between pT1a and pT1b gastric cancers after endoscopic submucosal dissection (97.8 vs. 97.9%). However, the negative horizontal margin rate was higher in pT1a gastric cancer than pT1b gastric cancer (98.9 vs. 91.3%). There was no difference in overall survival among the curative treatment groups (log rank P = 0.310).

CONCLUSION

In this study, 173 (56.4%) out of 307 patients with cT1bN0M0 gastric cancer could avoid unnecessary surgery if primary endoscopic submucosal dissection was used. Based on these findings, it is necessary to add an appropriate indication for endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with cT1b gastric cancer. Further management could be determined based on pathologic findings after primary endoscopic submucosal dissection.