Beijing Normal University, School of Environment, China.
Beijing Normal University, College of Water Sciences, China.
Environ Int. 2021 Jun;151:106416. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106416. Epub 2021 Mar 2.
In the field of environmental health, the impact of air pollution on people's cognitive function is receiving increasing attention. Various air pollution exposures and different exposure periods result in different degrees of damage to cognition. This paper first used CFPS cognitive tests to evaluate the cognitive function of 15,163 adults in 25 provinces of China. Next, based on the geographical location of the population, the kriging interpolation method was applied to evaluate the different exposure periods for various air pollutants (PM, NO and O). Air pollution exposures lasting 3 years and more were referred to in this paper as long-term exposures, while those lasting<3 years were short-term exposures. This paper used an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model to explore the differential effects of various air pollutant exposures and discussed the impact of long- and short-term exposure to pollutants. Subsequently, Moran's index was used to test the spatial connection for cognitive function, and the spatial error model was used for analysis in the spatial autoregressive model. This research also conducted a heterogeneity study on the justice of air pollutant exposure among people with different characteristics. The population was classified according to cognitive function and geographic location using OLS regression and quantile regression, and a propensity score matching (PSM) model was used for cross-validation to explore whether people with different characteristics and attributes were differentially exposed to air pollution. We found that there were significant negative relationships between air pollutant exposure and cognitive function, especially PM exposure and long-term exposure. In addition, air pollution had significantly different impacts on cognition based on the different characteristics and attributes of the person exposed. This study helps by analyzing the socioeconomic factors that affect the level of exposure and suggests that groups who are vulnerable to environmental pollution should be protected and the occurrence of injustice reduced. The study also provides a reference for the distribution of pollution sources and the allocation of health resources, which can be useful for population distribution planning.
在环境卫生领域，空气污染对人们认知功能的影响受到越来越多的关注。各种空气污染暴露和不同的暴露期对认知造成不同程度的损害。本文首先使用 CFPS 认知测试评估了中国 25 个省份 15163 名成年人的认知功能。接下来，根据人口的地理位置，应用克里金插值法评估了各种空气污染物（PM、NO 和 O）的不同暴露期。本文将持续 3 年及以上的空气污染暴露称为长期暴露，而持续<3 年的暴露称为短期暴露。本文使用普通最小二乘法（OLS）回归模型探讨了各种空气污染物暴露的差异效应，并讨论了污染物的长期和短期暴露的影响。随后，使用 Moran 指数检验了认知功能的空间关联，并在空间自回归模型中使用空间误差模型进行分析。本研究还对不同特征人群的空气污染物暴露公平性进行了异质性研究。使用 OLS 回归和分位数回归根据认知功能和地理位置对人群进行分类，并使用倾向得分匹配（PSM）模型进行交叉验证，以探讨具有不同特征和属性的人是否存在空气污染的差异暴露。研究结果表明，空气污染暴露与认知功能之间存在显著的负相关关系，尤其是 PM 暴露与长期暴露。此外，空气污染对认知的影响因暴露人群的不同特征和属性而存在显著差异。本研究通过分析影响暴露水平的社会经济因素，为减少环境污染不公平提供了参考依据。建议保护易受环境污染影响的人群，减少不公平现象的发生。本研究还为污染源分布和卫生资源配置提供了参考，有助于人口分布规划。
