Programa de Pós-graduação Em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, CEP, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia (LaBioM), Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, CEP, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia (LaBioM), Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, CEP, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jul;275:130000. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130000. Epub 2021 Feb 26.
Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles were exposed for 96 h to water from two sites of the Sorocaba River (summer and winter), Ibiúna (PI) and Itupararanga reservoir (PIR) that contained metals. In the liver, in PI, the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased, and the glutathione S-transferase (GST) and carbonyl proteins (PCO) increased. In PIR, the glutathione reduced (GSH) increased, while there was a decrease in catalase (CAT), GPx, GST, PCO, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In winter, GPx and GST increased in both points. Regarding the kidneys, lipoperoxidation (LPO) levels and GST decreased, while GSH increased in the summer. In the winter, LPO increased in PI. In the muscle, in the summer, there was an increase in GSH and GST and change in PCO. In the winter, the levels of PCO increased and CAT decreased in PIR. The area and volume of the hepatocyte and nucleus area increased in the summer and decreased in the winter. Hepatic melanin decreased in the summer after exposure to PIR water. There were the systemic effects of Sorocaba River water exposure at different times of the year with alterations in biomarkers at different levels, in which kidney shows highest Integrated Response of Biomarkers (IBR) value followed by liver and muscle. Biochemical biomarkers were more sensitive than morphological ones. The more sensitive biochemical markers were MT, PCO, GST and LPO. These effects confirm the hypothesis of metabolic alteration in bullfrog tadpoles by the Sorocaba River water.
牛蛙蝌蚪在暴露于含有金属的索罗卡巴河（夏季和冬季）的两个地点的水（Ibiúna（PI）和 Itupararanga 水库（PIR））中 96 小时。在 PI 的肝脏中，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）减少，谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）和羰基蛋白（PCO）增加。在 PIR 中，还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）增加，而 CAT、GPx、GST、PCO 和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）减少。在冬季，两点的 GPx 和 GST 均增加。关于肾脏，夏季两种情况下脂类过氧化（LPO）水平和 GST 降低，而 GSH 增加。在冬季，PI 中的 LPO 增加。在夏季肌肉中，GSH 和 GST 增加，PCO 改变。在冬季，PIR 中的 PCO 水平增加，CAT 减少。夏季肝细胞核面积和体积增加，冬季减少。夏季接触 PIR 水后，黑色素减少。不同季节的索罗卡巴河水暴露具有全身效应，在不同水平上改变生物标志物，其中肾脏的综合生物标志物反应（IBR）值最高，其次是肝脏和肌肉。生化生物标志物比形态学生物标志物更敏感。更敏感的生化标志物是 MT、PCO、GST 和 LPO。这些影响证实了索罗卡巴河水会改变牛蛙蝌蚪代谢的假设。
