Chlasta-Twardzik Edyta, Górecka-Nitoń Aleksandra, Nowińska Anna, Wylęgała Edward
Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Ophthalmology Department, Railway Hospital, 40-760 Katowice, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Feb 25;11(3):392. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11030392.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of environmental working conditions on the symptoms and signs of dry eye disease and to examine whether and how those conditions impact the ocular surface.
This single-center, prospective clinical study with a 1-year follow-up included 150 patients. The following parameters were evaluated: non-invasive keratograph break-up time (NIKBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH), and conjunctival and limbal hyperemia. We also performed staining of the surface of the eye for simulated fluorescein images, Schirmer's test I, assessment of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and an Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire.
In the OW (office workers) group, in people working > 4 h at the computer, the NIKBUT before work and the Schirmer test results were statistically significantly lower than in people working <4 h. The conjunctival hyperemia result before work was statistically significantly higher for people working >4 h at a computer in both groups and after work in the MW (medical workers) group. Low relative air humidity in the building and air-conditioned rooms negatively affects the tear film, causing the symptoms of dry eye disease. At the 1-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant reduction in conjunctival and limbal hyperemia in the OW group as well as a statistically significant reduction in TMH at the first examination before and after work, and in the second examination after 1 year in both groups.
Environmental factors such as reduced relative air humidity, increased air temperature, and decreased illumination have a negative impact on the ocular surface.
本研究的目的是评估工作环境条件对干眼症症状和体征的影响，并研究这些条件是否以及如何影响眼表。
这项单中心、前瞻性临床研究，随访期为1年，纳入了150名患者。评估了以下参数：非侵入性角膜地形图破裂时间（NIKBUT）、泪河高度（TMH）以及结膜和角膜缘充血情况。我们还进行了眼表染色以获取模拟荧光素图像、施密特试验I、睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）评估以及眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷调查。
在办公室工作人员（OW）组中，每天使用电脑超过4小时的人群，工作前的NIKBUT和施密特试验结果在统计学上显著低于每天使用电脑不足4小时的人群。两组中每天使用电脑超过4小时的人群工作前的结膜充血结果以及医务工作者（MW）组工作后的结膜充血结果在统计学上显著更高。建筑物内和空调房间内较低的相对空气湿度会对泪膜产生负面影响，引发干眼症症状。在1年的随访中，OW组的结膜和角膜缘充血在统计学上有显著减轻，两组在工作前和工作后的首次检查以及1年后的第二次检查中，TMH在统计学上也有显著降低。
相对空气湿度降低、气温升高和光照减少等环境因素会对眼表产生负面影响。
