School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China.
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Urumqi 830011, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 21;18(4):2098. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18042098.
The natural mountain forests in northwest China are recognized as a substantial carbon pool and play an important role in local fragile ecosystems. This study used inventory data and detailed field measurements covering different forest age groups (young, middle-aged, near-mature, mature, old-growth forest), structure of forest (tree, herb, litter and soil layer) and trees (leaves, branches, trunks and root) to estimate biomass, carbon content ratio, carbon density and carbon storage in Altai forest ecosystems. The results showed that the average biomass of the Altai Mountains forest ecosystems was 126.67 t·hm, and the descending order of the value was tree layer (120.84 t·hm) > herb layer (4.22 t·hm) > litter layer (1.61 t·hm). Among the tree parts, trunks, roots, leaves and branches accounted for 50%, 22%, 16% and 12% of the total tree biomass, respectively. The average carbon content ratio was 0.49 (range: 0.41-0.52). The average carbon density of forest ecosystems was 205.72 t·hm, and the carbon storage of the forest ecosystems was 131.35 Tg (standard deviation: 31.01) inside study area. Soil had the highest carbon storage (65.98%), followed by tree (32.81%), herb (0.78%) and litter (0.43%) layers. Forest age has significant effect on biomass, carbon content ratio, carbon density and carbon storage. The carbon density of forest ecosystems in study area was spatially distributed higher in the south and lower in north, which is influenced by climate, topography, soil types and dominant tree species.
中国西北地区的天然山地森林被认为是一个巨大的碳库，在当地脆弱的生态系统中发挥着重要作用。本研究使用涵盖不同森林年龄组（幼龄、中龄、近熟、成熟、老龄森林）、森林结构（树木、草本、凋落物和土壤层）和树木（叶片、树枝、树干和根系）的清单数据和详细的实地测量数据，估算了阿尔泰山森林生态系统的生物量、碳含量比、碳密度和碳储量。结果表明，阿尔泰山森林生态系统的平均生物量为 126.67 t·hm，其值的降序排列为乔木层（120.84 t·hm）>草本层（4.22 t·hm）>凋落物层（1.61 t·hm）。在树木部分中，树干、树根、叶片和树枝分别占总树木生物量的 50%、22%、16%和 12%。平均碳含量比为 0.49（范围：0.41-0.52）。森林生态系统的平均碳密度为 205.72 t·hm，研究区内森林生态系统的碳储量为 131.35 Tg（标准偏差：31.01）。土壤具有最高的碳储量（65.98%），其次是树木（32.81%）、草本（0.78%）和凋落物（0.43%）层。森林年龄对生物量、碳含量比、碳密度和碳储量有显著影响。研究区森林生态系统的碳密度在空间上呈现南高北低的分布格局，这受气候、地形、土壤类型和优势树种的影响。
