Styrpejko Daniel J, Cuajungco Math P
Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA.
Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA.
Biomedicines. 2021 Feb 21;9(2):220. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9020220.
A growing body of evidence continues to demonstrate the vital roles that zinc and its transporters play on human health. The mammalian solute carrier 30 (SLC30) family, with ten current members, controls zinc efflux transport in cells. TMEM163, a recently reported zinc transporter, has similar characteristics in both predicted transmembrane domain structure and function to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein superfamily. This review discusses past and present data indicating that TMEM163 is a zinc binding protein that transports zinc in cells. We provide a brief background on TMEM163's discovery, transport feature, protein interactome, and similarities, as well as differences, with known SLC30 (ZnT) protein family. We also examine recent reports that implicate TMEM163 directly or indirectly in various human diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Mucolipidosis type IV and diabetes. Overall, the role of TMEM163 protein in zinc metabolism is beginning to be realized, and based on current evidence, we propose that it is likely a new CDF member belonging to mammalian SLC30 (ZnT) zinc efflux transporter proteins.
越来越多的证据不断表明锌及其转运蛋白对人类健康起着至关重要的作用。哺乳动物溶质载体30（SLC30）家族目前有十个成员，负责控制细胞内锌的外排运输。TMEM163是最近报道的一种锌转运蛋白，在预测的跨膜结构域结构和功能方面与阳离子扩散促进剂（CDF）蛋白超家族具有相似的特征。这篇综述讨论了过去和现在的数据，表明TMEM163是一种在细胞中运输锌的锌结合蛋白。我们简要介绍了TMEM163的发现、运输特征、蛋白质相互作用组，以及与已知SLC30（锌转运体，ZnT）蛋白家族的异同。我们还研究了最近的报道，这些报道直接或间接地将TMEM163与各种人类疾病联系起来，如帕金森病、IV型粘脂贮积症和糖尿病。总体而言，TMEM163蛋白在锌代谢中的作用正开始被认识到，基于目前的证据，我们认为它可能是属于哺乳动物SLC30（ZnT）锌外排转运蛋白的一个新的CDF成员。
