Faculty of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC), 22260 Tijuana, Mexico.
Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), 30107 Guadalupe, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 11;18(4):1757. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041757.
The burnout syndrome is a negative experience for athlete development and it has been demonstrated that it gets worse when a sport is practiced in an obsessive way. Interventions with a positive view towards sports could be a protective factor to boost the athlete's wellbeing. The aim of the present study was to analyse the mediator effect from social support, the relationship between the burnout, positivity and passion in young Mexican athletes. The sample was composed by 452 Mexican athletes, males and females (women 45%), from 12 to 18 years of age ( = 16.29, = 1.66). Participants answered the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire, The Scale of the Social Support Perceived by Athletes, the Passion Scale and the Positivity Scale. The results of structural equation modeling showed a good adjustment model (χ = 889.213; = 274; χ/ = 3.245; ˂ 0.01; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.91; IFI = 0.94; NFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.07). The harmonious passion presented direct and indirect effects on the burnout, being the perceived social support the mediator variable of the indirect effect. The positivity resulted positive predictor from the social support (β = 0.714, ˂ 0.001) and social support predicted the burnout (β = -0.270, ˂ 0.005). The obsessive passion had a direct effect over burnout (β = 0.627, ˂ 0.001). Developing negative commitments to sports could be an indicator of a greater risk of experiencing individual conflicts that lead to sports burnout.
倦怠综合征是运动员发展的负面体验，已经证明，当一种运动以强迫的方式进行时，情况会变得更糟。以积极的态度对待体育运动的干预措施可能是促进运动员幸福感的保护因素。本研究的目的是分析社会支持的中介效应，以及年轻墨西哥运动员的倦怠、积极性和激情之间的关系。样本由 452 名 12 至 18 岁的墨西哥男女运动员组成（女性占 45%）。参与者回答了运动员倦怠问卷、运动员感知社会支持量表、激情量表和积极性量表。结构方程模型的结果显示，模型调整良好（χ=889.213；=274；χ/=3.245； ˂ 0.01；CFI=0.93；TLI=0.91；IFI=0.94；NFI=0.91；RMSEA=0.07）。和谐激情对倦怠有直接和间接影响，感知社会支持是间接效应的中介变量。积极情绪是社会支持的正向预测指标（β=0.714， ˂ 0.001），社会支持预测倦怠（β=-0.270， ˂ 0.005）。强迫性激情对倦怠有直接影响（β=0.627， ˂ 0.001）。对运动产生消极承诺可能是经历个人冲突导致运动倦怠的风险更大的一个指标。
