Rudnicka Małgorzata, Klugmann-Radziemska Ewa
Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Faulty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Feb 18;14(4):964. doi: 10.3390/ma14040964.
Dust accumulation on the front cover of solar panels is closely linked to location and orientation of photovoltaic (PV) installation. Its build-up depends on the module tilt angle, frequency of precipitation, humidity, wind strength and velocity, as well as grain size. Additionally, soil composition is determined by solar farm surroundings such as local factories, agricultural crops, and traffic. Over time, molecules of atmospheric dust agglomerate on top of each other and cause gradual reduction in generated energy. Manual cleaning techniques are required to restore working conditions of PV installation to their original conditions; however, they are time consuming and may lead to damage of the glass coverage. Therefore, implementing a different approach by utilizing self-cleaning and anti-dust coatings on front covers of module surfaces is thought of as a competitive manner of cleansing. Based on the varying properties of such thin-films, a division was made into hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and anti-dust coatings. In this article, the authors would like to present a comprehensive review of those types of transparent films. Moreover, a few hydrophobic coatings available on the Polish market were analyzed by applying them on glass tiles and covering them with three types of dust.
太阳能电池板前盖上的灰尘堆积与光伏（PV）装置的位置和方向密切相关。其堆积情况取决于组件的倾斜角度、降水频率、湿度、风力强度和风速，以及颗粒大小。此外，土壤成分由太阳能电站周围环境决定，如当地工厂、农作物和交通状况。随着时间的推移，大气尘埃分子相互聚集，导致发电量逐渐减少。需要采用人工清洁技术将光伏装置的工作条件恢复到原始状态；然而，这既耗时又可能导致玻璃覆盖层受损。因此，通过在组件表面前盖上使用自清洁和防尘涂层来实施不同的方法被认为是一种具有竞争力的清洁方式。基于此类薄膜的不同特性，可分为疏水、亲水和防尘涂层。在本文中，作者希望对这些类型的透明薄膜进行全面综述。此外，通过将波兰市场上几种可用的疏水涂层应用于玻璃瓷砖并覆盖三种类型的灰尘，对其进行了分析。
