Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Analytisches Forschungsinstitut für Non-Target Screening GmbH (AFIN-TS GmbH), Am Mittleren Moos 48, 86167 Augsburg, Germany.
Molecules. 2021 Feb 22;26(4):1164. doi: 10.3390/molecules26041164.
Micro- and nanoplastic particles are increasingly seen not only as contaminants themselves, but also as potential vectors for trace organic chemicals (TOrCs) that might sorb onto these particles. An analysis of the sorbed TOrCs can either be performed directly from the particle or TOrCs can be extracted from the particle with a solvent. Another possibility is to analyze the remaining concentration in the aqueous phase by a differential approach. In this review, the focus is on analytical methods that are suitable for identifying and quantifying sorbed TOrCs on micro- and nano-plastics. Specific gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) methods are considered. The respective advantages of each method are explained in detail. In addition, influencing factors for sorption in the first place are being discussed including particle size and shape (especially micro and nanoparticles) and the type of polymer, as well as methods for determining sorption kinetics. Since the particles are not present in the environment in a virgin state, the influence of aging on sorption is also considered.
微塑料和纳米塑料颗粒不仅本身被视为污染物，而且还可能成为痕量有机化学品（TOrCs）的潜在载体，这些痕量有机化学品可能会吸附在这些颗粒上。可以直接从颗粒上分析被吸附的 TOrCs，也可以用溶剂从颗粒中提取 TOrCs。另一种可能性是通过差减法分析水相中剩余的浓度。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了适用于识别和量化微塑料和纳米塑料上吸附的 TOrCs 的分析方法。考虑了特定的气相色谱（GC）、液相色谱（LC）和紫外可见光谱（UV-VIS）方法。详细解释了每种方法的各自优势。此外，首先讨论了影响吸附的因素，包括颗粒的大小和形状（尤其是微纳米颗粒）和聚合物的类型，以及用于确定吸附动力学的方法。由于颗粒在环境中不会以原始状态存在，因此还考虑了老化对吸附的影响。
