Duo Jingyun, Zhao Long
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Feb 20;21(4):1475. doi: 10.3390/s21041475.
Event cameras have many advantages over conventional frame-based cameras, such as high temporal resolution, low latency and high dynamic range. However, state-of-the-art event- based algorithms either require too much computation time or have poor accuracy performance. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous real-time corner extraction and tracking algorithm for an event camera. Our primary motivation focuses on enhancing the accuracy of corner detection and tracking while ensuring computational efficiency. Firstly, according to the polarities of the events, a simple yet effective filter is applied to construct two restrictive Surface of Active Events (SAEs), named as RSAE+ and RSAE-, which can accurately represent high contrast patterns; meanwhile it filters noises and redundant events. Afterwards, a new coarse-to-fine corner extractor is proposed to extract corner events efficiently and accurately. Finally, a space, time and velocity direction constrained data association method is presented to realize corner event tracking, and we associate a new arriving corner event with the latest active corner that satisfies the velocity direction constraint in its neighborhood. The experiments are run on a standard event camera dataset, and the experimental results indicate that our method achieves excellent corner detection and tracking performance. Moreover, the proposed method can process more than 4.5 million events per second, showing promising potential in real-time computer vision applications.
与传统的基于帧的相机相比,事件相机具有许多优势,例如高时间分辨率、低延迟和高动态范围。然而,当前最先进的基于事件的算法要么需要太多的计算时间,要么具有较差的精度性能。在本文中,我们提出了一种用于事件相机的异步实时角点提取和跟踪算法。我们的主要动机集中在提高角点检测和跟踪的准确性,同时确保计算效率。首先,根据事件的极性,应用一个简单而有效的滤波器来构建两个受限的活动事件表面(SAE),分别命名为RSAE+和RSAE-,它们可以准确地表示高对比度模式;同时它还能过滤噪声和冗余事件。之后,提出了一种新的从粗到精的角点提取器,以高效、准确地提取角点事件。最后,提出了一种空间、时间和速度方向约束的数据关联方法来实现角点事件跟踪,我们将新到达的角点事件与在其邻域中满足速度方向约束的最新活动角点相关联。实验在一个标准的事件相机数据集上运行,实验结果表明我们的方法实现了出色的角点检测和跟踪性能。此外,所提出的方法每秒可以处理超过450万个事件,在实时计算机视觉应用中显示出有前景的潜力。