Wokorach Godfrey, Landschoot Sofie, Audenaert Kris, Echodu Richard, Haesaert Geert
Department of Plants and Crops, Campus Schoonmeersen Building C, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Multifunctional Research Laboratory, Gulu University, P.O. Box 166, Gulu, Uganda.
Microorganisms. 2021 Feb 14;9(2):383. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9020383.
Worldwide fungal contamination leads to both quantitative and qualitative grain losses during crop growth and/or storage. A greater proportion of grains contamination with toxins often occurs in sub-Saharan Africa, where control measures are limited. We determined fungal diversity and their toxin production ability in household grains meant for human consumption to highlight the risk of mycotoxin exposure among people from northern Uganda. The study underlines the high diversity of fungi that group into 15 genera; many of which are plant pathogens with toxigenic potential. was the most common fungal species isolated from household grains. The study also indicates that northern Uganda is favored by a high proportion of toxigenic isolates of , , and , which are characterized by a high fumonisins production capability. The fumonisins production ability was not dependent on the species, grain types, and haplotype group to which the isolates belong. The contamination of most household grains with fungi capable of producing a high amount of toxin shows that most people are exposed to an elevated amount of mycotoxins, which shows the frequent problems with mycotoxins that have been reported in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa.
全球范围内，真菌污染在作物生长和/或储存期间会导致谷物数量和质量的损失。在撒哈拉以南非洲，毒素污染谷物的比例更高，而该地区的控制措施有限。我们测定了供人类食用的家庭谷物中的真菌多样性及其毒素产生能力，以突出乌干达北部人群接触霉菌毒素的风险。该研究强调了真菌的高度多样性，这些真菌分为15个属；其中许多是具有产毒潜力的植物病原体。是从家庭谷物中分离出的最常见真菌物种。该研究还表明，乌干达北部有利于、和的高比例产毒分离株，这些分离株的特征是伏马菌素生产能力高。伏马菌素的生产能力不取决于分离株所属的物种、谷物类型和单倍型组。大多数家庭谷物被能够产生大量毒素的真菌污染，这表明大多数人接触到的霉菌毒素含量升高，这显示了撒哈拉以南非洲大部分地区报告的霉菌毒素频繁问题。
