Anticó Enriqueta, Vera Ruben, Vázquez Francisco, Fontàs Clàudia, Lu Changyong, Ros Josep
Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain.
Department of Plants and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Feb 12;14(4):878. doi: 10.3390/ma14040878.
Nanoparticle-doped polymer inclusion membranes (NP-PIMs) have been prepared and characterized as new materials for the removal of arsenate and phosphate from waters. PIMs are made of a polymer, cellulose triacetate (CTA), and an extractant, which interacts with the compound of interest. We have used the ionic liquid (IL) trioctylmethylammonium chloride (Aliquat 336) as the extractant and have investigated how the addition of nanoparticles can modify membrane properties. To this end, inorganic nanoparticles, such as ferrite (FeO), SiO and TiO, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), were blended with the polymer/extractant mixture. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and contact angle measurements have been used to characterize the material. Moreover, PIM stability was checked by measuring the mass loss during the experiments. Since Aliquat 336 acts as an anion exchanger, the NP-PIMs have been explored in two different applications: (i) as sorbent materials for the extraction of arsenate and phosphate anions; (ii) as an organic phase for the separation of arsenate and phosphate in a three-phase system. The presence of oleate-coated ferrite NP in the PIM formulation represents an improvement in the efficiency of NP-PIMs used as sorbents; nevertheless, a decrease in the transport efficiency for arsenate but not for phosphate was obtained. The ease with which the NP-PIMs are prepared suggests good potential for future applications in the treatment of polluted water. Future work will address three main aspects: firstly, the implementation of the FeO-PIMs for the removal of As(V) in real water containing complex matrices; secondly, the study of phosphate recovery with other cell designs that allow large volumes of contaminated water to be treated; and thirdly, the investigation of the role of MWCNTs in PIM stability.
已制备出纳米颗粒掺杂的聚合物包容膜（NP-PIMs），并将其表征为用于从水中去除砷酸盐和磷酸盐的新型材料。PIMs由聚合物三醋酸纤维素（CTA）和与目标化合物相互作用的萃取剂制成。我们使用离子液体（IL）氯化三辛基甲基铵（Aliquat 336）作为萃取剂，并研究了添加纳米颗粒如何改变膜的性能。为此，将无机纳米颗粒，如铁氧体（FeO）、SiO和TiO，以及多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）与聚合物/萃取剂混合物混合。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FT-IR）和接触角测量来表征该材料。此外，通过测量实验过程中的质量损失来检查PIM的稳定性。由于Aliquat 336作为阴离子交换剂，NP-PIMs已在两种不同应用中进行了探索：（i）作为用于萃取砷酸盐和磷酸根阴离子的吸附剂材料；（ii）作为在三相系统中分离砷酸盐和磷酸盐的有机相。PIM配方中油酸包覆的铁氧体NP的存在代表了用作吸附剂的NP-PIMs效率的提高；然而，可以观察到砷酸盐的传输效率降低，但磷酸盐的传输效率未降低。NP-PIMs易于制备表明其在处理污染水方面具有良好的未来应用潜力。未来的工作将涉及三个主要方面：首先，将FeO-PIMs应用于去除含有复杂基质的实际水中的As(V)；其次，研究使用其他电池设计回收磷酸盐，以处理大量受污染的水；第三，研究MWCNTs在PIM稳定性中的作用。
