Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung Medical College and Chang Gung University, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Kuei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Epworth Eastern Hospital, 1 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia.
Clin Plast Surg. 2021 Apr;48(2):249-257. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2021.01.003. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap is a thin, pliable, and versatile flap. It is a fasciocutaneous flap with chimeric design capacity. The donor site permits the synchronous harvesting of nonvascularized tendons and nerves. Free MSAP flap is suitable for foot, ankle, and distal one-third of the leg reconstructions. Pedicled MSAP flap is an alternative flap for knee and proximal two-thirds of leg defects, covering classical lower limb reconstruction territories of soleus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius muscle flap. Computed tomography angiography, indocyanine green, and endoscopic-assist dissection enhances MSAP flap surgical planning and reduces its technical adversities and complications.
腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣（MSAP）是一种薄而柔韧、用途广泛的皮瓣。它是一种具有嵌合设计能力的筋膜皮瓣。供区允许同时采集非血管化的肌腱和神经。游离 MSAP 皮瓣适用于足、踝和小腿远端三分之一的重建。带蒂 MSAP 皮瓣是膝部和小腿近端三分之二缺损的替代皮瓣，可覆盖比目鱼肌、内侧和外侧腓肠肌皮瓣等经典的小腿重建区域。计算机断层血管造影、吲哚菁绿和内镜辅助解剖可增强 MSAP 皮瓣的手术规划，并降低其技术难度和并发症。
