Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.
Department of Earth Sciences, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71454, Iran.
Environ Res. 2021 May;196:110963. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110963. Epub 2021 Mar 4.
The objectives of the current study are to investigate the concentration, biological risks, chemical speciation, and mobility of of heavy metals and also the determination of their distribution, physicochemical characteristics, and abundance of microplastics in coastal sediments and edible bivalves in the Persian Gulf, the coastal area of Hormozgan Province. Sampling points were selected considering the location of industrial, urban and Hara forest protected areas. In November 2017, a total of 18 sediment samples from coastal sediments (top 0-10 cm) and the most consumed bivalve species in the region were collected from two stations, Lengeh and Bandar Abbas Ports. The average concentration of heavy metals (except for Ni and Cd) in the sediments were lower than their average shale and the upper continental crust. Enrichment factors revealed significant enrichment of Ni, Mn, Cr, Cd and As. The fractionation of heavy metals using the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction scheme indicated the high bioavailability of Zn, As, Mn, and Co. In general, the highest concentration of Mo, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn, Hg, and Sb was detected in areas with frequent human activities including Shahid Rajaee Port, Shahid Bahonar Port, and Tavanir station. Shahid Rajaee and Shahid Bahonar Ports are the most important ports on the coast of Hormozgan province. The Risk Assessment Code calculated for the study elements indicates that As, Co, Zn, and Cu pose a moderate environmental risk a threat to the aquatic biota. Health risks of most heavy metals arising from bivalves consumption were safe, except for As which is associated with the high target cancer risk values. With reference to the type of microplastics found, they were mainly fibeours with lengths ranging between 100 and 250 μm in sediments and bivalves. Most of the microfibers found in the sediments were made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP), and the fibers found in the bivalves were made of PP.
本研究的目的是调查重金属的浓度、生物风险、化学形态和迁移性，并测定波斯湾、霍尔木兹甘省沿海地区的沉积物和食用双壳类动物中微塑料的分布、理化特性和丰度。采样点是根据工业、城市和 Hara 森林保护区的位置选择的。2017 年 11 月，从两个站点（Lengeh 和 Bandar Abbas 港口）共采集了 18 个来自沿海沉积物（表层 0-10cm）和该地区最常食用的双壳类物种的沉积物样本。除 Ni 和 Cd 外，沉积物中重金属的平均浓度均低于其平均页岩和上地壳。富集因子表明 Ni、Mn、Cr、Cd 和 As 存在显著富集。采用社区参考局（BCR）顺序提取方案对重金属进行分级，表明 Zn、As、Mn 和 Co 的生物可利用性较高。总体而言，在人类活动频繁的地区（包括 Shahid Rajaee 港、Shahid Bahonar 港和 Tavanir 站）检测到 Mo、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cr、Cu、Mn、Hg 和 Sb 的浓度最高。Shahid Rajaee 和 Shahid Bahonar 港口是霍尔木兹甘省沿海最重要的港口。研究元素的风险评估代码表明，As、Co、Zn 和 Cu 对水生生物群构成中度环境风险威胁。除与高目标癌症风险值相关的 As 外，双壳类动物消费引起的大多数重金属的健康风险是安全的。根据发现的微塑料类型，它们主要是纤维状的，在沉积物和双壳类动物中长度在 100 到 250μm 之间。在沉积物中发现的大多数微纤维由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）和聚丙烯（PP）制成，在双壳类动物中发现的纤维由 PP 制成。
