de Hoog Natascha, van Dinther Susanne, Bakker Esther
Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
Eur J Psychol. 2020 Aug 31;16(3):498-513. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v16i3.1840. eCollection 2020 Aug.
Socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with many health issues and health-compromising behaviour (HCB). Most research is based on objective indicators of SES, even though subjective SES, someone's perception of their social standing, is also related to health. Moreover, perceptions of health and HCB might also be of importance. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between both objective and subjective SES and perceived health and HCB respectively, and the role of perceptions of HCB. 326 respondents completed measures of objective and subjective SES, perceived health, HCB and perceptions of HCB. Results showed objective and subjective SES were related to perceived health. Only subjective SES was related to HCB, while for objective SES a moderating effect of perceiving HCB as typically high or low SES was found. Not only objective SES, but especially perceptions of SES and HCB are associated with someone feeling healthy and engaging in HCB. Health interventions should try to tackle perceptions of SES and HCB, either by invalidating current SES related perceptions or by emphasizing new healthy perceptions.
社会经济地位（SES）与许多健康问题及危害健康行为（HCB）相关。尽管主观社会经济地位，即某人对自己社会地位的认知，也与健康有关，但大多数研究是基于社会经济地位的客观指标。此外，对健康和危害健康行为的认知可能也很重要。因此，本研究分别考察了客观和主观社会经济地位与感知健康及危害健康行为之间的关系，以及对危害健康行为的认知所起的作用。326名受访者完成了客观和主观社会经济地位、感知健康、危害健康行为及对危害健康行为的认知的测量。结果表明，客观和主观社会经济地位与感知健康相关。只有主观社会经济地位与危害健康行为相关，而对于客观社会经济地位，发现将危害健康行为视为典型的高或低社会经济地位存在调节作用。不仅客观社会经济地位，尤其是对社会经济地位和危害健康行为的认知与某人感觉健康及参与危害健康行为有关。健康干预应尝试通过消除当前与社会经济地位相关的认知或强调新的健康认知来解决对社会经济地位和危害健康行为的认知问题。
