Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, WB, India.
Mol Omics. 2021 Apr 1;17(2):317-337. doi: 10.1039/d0mo00189a. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Comprehensive clinical pictures, comorbid conditions, and long-term complications of COVID-19 are still unknown. Recently, using a multi-omics-based strategy, we predicted potential drugs for COVID-19 with ∼70% accuracy. Herein, using a novel multi-omics-based bioinformatic approach and three ways of analysis, we identified the symptoms, comorbid conditions, and short-, mid-, and possible long-term complications of COVID-19 with >90% precision including 27 parent, 170 child, and 403 specific conditions. Among the specific conditions, 36 viral, 53 short-term, 62 short-mid-long-term, 194 mid-long-term, and 57 congenital conditions are identified. At a threshold "count of occurrence" of 4, we found that 83-100% (average 92.67%) of enriched conditions are associated with COVID-19. Except for dry cough and loss of taste, all the other COVID-19-associated mild and severe symptoms are enriched. CVDs, and pulmonary, metabolic, musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric, kidney, liver, and immune system disorders are top comorbid conditions. Specific diseases like myocardial infarction, hypertension, COPD, lung injury, diabetes, cirrhosis, mood disorders, dementia, macular degeneration, chronic kidney disease, lupus, arthritis, etc. along with several other NCDs were found to be top candidates. Interestingly, many cancers and congenital disorders associated with COVID-19 severity are also identified. Arthritis, gliomas, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, and CVDs having a bidirectional relationship with COVID-19 are also identified as top conditions. Based on our accuracy (>90%), the long-term presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human, and our "genetic remittance" assumption, we hypothesize that all the identified top-ranked conditions could be potential long-term consequences in COVID-19 survivors, warranting long-term observational studies.
新冠病毒的全面临床症状、合并症以及长期并发症尚不清楚。最近，我们采用基于多组学的策略，以约 70%的准确率预测了新冠病毒的潜在药物。在此，我们采用一种新的基于多组学的生物信息学方法和三种分析方法，以>90%的精度识别出新冠病毒的症状、合并症以及短期、中期和可能的长期并发症，包括 27 种主要疾病、170 种次要疾病和 403 种特定疾病。在特定疾病中，发现了 36 种病毒疾病、53 种短期疾病、62 种短期-中期-长期疾病、194 种中期-长期疾病和 57 种先天疾病。在“出现次数”的阈值为 4 的情况下，我们发现 83%-100%（平均 92.67%）的富集疾病与新冠病毒相关。除干咳和味觉丧失外，所有其他与新冠病毒相关的轻度和重度症状都有富集。心血管疾病（CVDs）以及肺部、代谢、肌肉骨骼、神经精神、肾脏、肝脏和免疫系统疾病是最常见的合并症。心肌梗死、高血压、COPD、肺损伤、糖尿病、肝硬化、情绪障碍、痴呆、黄斑变性、慢性肾脏病、狼疮、关节炎等特定疾病以及其他几种非传染性疾病被确定为最主要的候选疾病。有趣的是，与新冠病毒严重程度相关的许多癌症和先天疾病也被识别出来。关节炎、神经胶质瘤、糖尿病、精神障碍和与新冠病毒存在双向关系的 CVDs也被确定为主要疾病。基于我们的准确率（>90%）、人类体内持续存在 SARS-CoV-2 RNA 的情况以及我们的“遗传传递”假设，我们推测所有确定的顶级疾病都可能是新冠病毒幸存者的潜在长期后果，需要进行长期观察性研究。
