Attili Ilaria, Tarantino Paolo, Passaro Antonio, Stati Valeria, Curigliano Giuseppe, de Marinis Filippo
Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Lung Cancer. 2021 Apr;154:151-160. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.02.035. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
The adoption of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) allowed the achievement of impressive long-term survival results in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but most patients develop resistance to ICI treatment over time. Resistance to ICIs is mediated by several complex mechanisms affecting, but not limited to, tumour cell-intrinsic alterations and the tumour microenvironment. The possibility of modulating the immune response by interfering with specific alternative immune receptors, pathways and mediators might provide additional strategies to delay or prevent the development of resistance. Therefore, a greater in-depth investigation and understanding of these mechanisms aims to identify novel classes of immune targets and subsequently to evaluate potential new strategies for overcoming resistance, which will be assessed in this review.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）的应用使非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者取得了令人瞩目的长期生存结果，但随着时间的推移，大多数患者会对ICI治疗产生耐药性。ICI耐药是由多种复杂机制介导的，这些机制影响但不限于肿瘤细胞内在改变和肿瘤微环境。通过干扰特定的替代免疫受体、信号通路和介质来调节免疫反应，可能为延缓或预防耐药性的发展提供额外的策略。因此，对这些机制进行更深入的研究和理解，旨在识别新型免疫靶点，并随后评估克服耐药性的潜在新策略，本综述将对此进行评估。
