Latil F, Arnaud A, Lagier F, Charpin J, Vervloet D
Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille.
Rev Mal Respir. 1988;5(1):31-5.
Polyvalent antimicrobial vaccines have been widely used in chronic bronchitis for nearly fifty years without their effect or mechanism of action always being well understood. The polysaccharide vaccines, in particular pneumococcal, are better defined chemically and in their mode of action. However, it does not seem that ordinary chronic bronchitis is a good indication for these vaccines. The immunomodulators, extracts of the cell wall of certain bacteria, are aimed at increasing the host's defence capacity in a non-specific manner. The addition of ribosomes may favour specific and non-specific immunomodulation. Certain vaccines have shown their efficacy in reduction of infective episodes in chronic bronchitis. However, other studies ought to be undertaken to obtain purified products which are not toxic and are yet more effective. Finally, it is necessary to have better knowledge of the mode of administration and of the doses administered corresponding to the optimal efficacy of the vaccines.
多价抗菌疫苗已在慢性支气管炎中广泛使用了近五十年，但人们对其效果或作用机制并不总是完全了解。多糖疫苗，尤其是肺炎球菌疫苗，在化学性质和作用方式上有更明确的定义。然而，普通慢性支气管炎似乎并非这些疫苗的良好适应症。免疫调节剂，即某些细菌细胞壁的提取物，旨在以非特异性方式增强宿主的防御能力。添加核糖体可能有助于特异性和非特异性免疫调节。某些疫苗已显示出在减少慢性支气管炎感染发作方面的疗效。然而，应该进行其他研究以获得无毒且更有效的纯化产品。最后，有必要更好地了解疫苗最佳疗效对应的给药方式和给药剂量。
