Izumi Maya, Sonoki Kazuo, Ohta Yuko, Fukuhara Masayo, Nagata Masaharu, Akifusa Sumio
Faculty of Dentistry, School of Oral Health Sciences, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Division of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Jun;48(6):730-737. doi: 10.1111/joor.13165. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
The aim of this 1-year longitudinal randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of tongue cleaning on the maintenance of respiratory function in older adults requiring care.
The participants included 24 residents of two nursing homes in Kitakyushu, Japan. The participants were randomised to receive tongue cleaning with routine oral care (intervention group, n = 12), or routine oral care alone (control group, n = 12). Among the participants, three in the intervention group and four in the control group had cerebrovascular disease history, four in the intervention group and four in the control group had a history of cardiac disease, and five in the intervention group and four in the control group were without medical history. Respiratory function was assessed on the basis of the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Tongue pressure, swallowing function, oral health status, activities of daily living and nutritional status were also measured at baseline and at the end of the 1-year follow-up period.
The number of analysed participants in each group was 12. In the control group, the PEFR (1.6 [0.4-4.2] L s vs 1.4 [0.4-3.2] L s , P = .034) and tongue pressure (16.4 [1.7-35.2] kPa vs 8.0 [1.4-38.6] kPa, P = .032) significantly declined after 1-year. However, the PEFR (1.5 [0.8-2.9] L s vs 1.6 [0.7-4.2] L s , P = .366) and tongue pressure (18.1 [4.2-37.1] kPa vs 16.1 [5.2-41] kPa, P = .307) were maintained in the intervention group. The change in the PEFR was significantly greater in the intervention group compared with the control group (0.130 [-0.45-1.70] L s vs -1.70 [-10.00-10.00] L s , P = .028).
Our findings suggest that tongue cleaning may help maintain tongue and respiratory function in older adults requiring care.
这项为期1年的纵向随机对照试验旨在评估舌清洁对需要护理的老年人呼吸功能维持的有效性。
参与者包括日本北九州市两家养老院的24名居民。参与者被随机分为接受常规口腔护理加舌清洁（干预组，n = 12）或仅接受常规口腔护理（对照组，n = 12）。参与者中，干预组有3人、对照组有4人有脑血管疾病史，干预组有4人、对照组有4人有心脏病史，干预组有5人、对照组有4人无病史。根据呼气峰值流速（PEFR）评估呼吸功能。在基线和1年随访期结束时还测量了舌压力、吞咽功能、口腔健康状况、日常生活活动能力和营养状况。
每组分析的参与者人数均为12人。对照组中，1年后PEFR（1.6[0.4 - 4.2]L/s对1.4[0.4 - 3.2]L/s，P = 0.034）和舌压力（16.4[1.7 - 35.2]kPa对8.0[1.4 - 38.6]kPa，P = 0.032）显著下降。然而，干预组的PEFR（1.5[0.8 - 2.9]L/s对1.6[0.7 - 4.2]L/s，P = 0.366）和舌压力（18.1[4.2 - 37.1]kPa对16.1[5.2 - 41]kPa，P = 0.307）得以维持。与对照组相比，干预组的PEFR变化显著更大（差值为0.130[-0.45 - 1.70]L/s对 - 1.70[-10.00 - 10.00]L/s，P = 0.028）。
我们的研究结果表明，舌清洁可能有助于维持需要护理的老年人的舌和呼吸功能。
