巴西劳动力中职业事故的发生率及相关变量
Prevalence of occupational accidents and associated variables in the Brazilian workforce.
作者信息
de Souza Ana Clara Dantas, Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro, de Souza Dyego Leandro Bezerra
机构信息
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Mar 3;18(4):434-443. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-578.
INTRODUCTION
Current estimates suggest that 317 million occupational accidents occur annually worldwide.
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the prevalence of occupational accidents and associated variables in the Brazilian workforce.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed using data from adults aged 18 or older who participated in the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde) (2013). This study was based on participants' responses to questions regarding their history of occupational accidents in the previous 12 months. Socioeconomic, lifestyle and health-related variables were also examined. Prevalence rates and ratios were calculated using Poisson multivariate regression models (with 95% confidence intervals), followed by Wald's tests for robust variance estimation.
RESULTS
The prevalence of occupational accidents was 2.79% (95% confidence interval, 2.53-3.08%). These incidents were associated with male gender (prevalence ratio = 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.77), living in rural areas (prevalence ratio = 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.62), age 18 to 24 (prevalence ratio = 2.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-3.40), illiteracy (prevalence ratio = 3.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.96-4.96) and having two or more chronic illnesses (prevalence ratio = 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.47).
CONCLUSIONS
Though the prevalence of occupational accidents in the Brazilian workforce was low, these incidents were associated with multimorbidity, socioeconomic status and lifestyle variables.
引言
目前的估计表明，全球每年发生3.17亿起职业事故。
目的
估计巴西劳动力中职业事故及相关变量的患病率。
方法
采用横断面研究，使用参加2013年全国健康调查（Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde）的18岁及以上成年人的数据。本研究基于参与者对过去12个月职业事故史问题的回答。还检查了社会经济、生活方式和健康相关变量。使用泊松多元回归模型（95%置信区间）计算患病率和比率，随后进行Wald检验以进行稳健方差估计。
结果
职业事故的患病率为2.79%（95%置信区间，2.53 - 3.08%）。这些事故与男性性别（患病率比率 = 1.42；95%置信区间，1.14 - 1.77）、居住在农村地区（患病率比率 = 1.27；95%置信区间，1.06 - 1.62）、18至24岁（患病率比率 = 2.02；95%置信区间，1.20 - 3.40）、文盲（患病率比率 = 3.12；95%置信区间，1.96 - 4.96）以及患有两种或更多种慢性病（患病率比率 = 2.12；95%置信区间，1.29 - 3.47）有关。
结论
尽管巴西劳动力中职业事故的患病率较低，但这些事故与多种疾病共存、社会经济地位和生活方式变量有关。
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