Salvetti Marina de Góes, Donato Suzana Cristina Teixeira, Machado Caroline Silva Pereira, de Almeida Natalia Gondim, Santos Daniela Vivas Dos, Kurita Geana Paula
Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Institute of Education and Research, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2021 Jan 29;8(2):156-163. doi: 10.4103/apjon.apjon_56_20. eCollection 2021 Mar-Apr.
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a psychoeducational intervention upon symptom control and quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients.
This was an open randomized clinical trial (RCT) conducted at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo. The RCT comprised 107 outpatients in chemotherapy or radiation for malignant neoplasms. Participants were randomized to control group (usual treatment) or intervention group (IG) (psychoeducational intervention) with assessments at baseline and upon completion of the intervention. Sociodemographic information, clinical data, QoL, functionality, and symptoms were assessed. This trial is registered with the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry number RBR-9337nv. A mixed-effects model was applied to compare the effects of the intervention between the groups.
The most frequent symptoms were fatigue (76.6%), insomnia (47.7%), pain (42.1%), and loss of appetite (37.4%). The symptom intensity analysis suggests that insomnia was the strongest symptom, followed by fatigue, loss of appetite, and pain. The IG experienced a significant improvement in terms of loss of appetite ( = 0.002) and a tendency toward less insomnia ( = 0.053).
The intervention significantly reduced appetite loss in cancer patients. Despite no effects observed in global QoL or functionality, the intervention yielded a tendency to improve insomnia, and this outcome should be investigated in future studies.
本研究旨在评估心理教育干预对癌症患者症状控制和生活质量（QoL）的影响。
这是一项在圣保罗州癌症研究所进行的开放性随机临床试验（RCT）。该RCT纳入了107名正在接受化疗或放疗的恶性肿瘤门诊患者。参与者被随机分为对照组（常规治疗）或干预组（IG）（心理教育干预），并在基线和干预结束时进行评估。评估了社会人口学信息、临床数据、生活质量、功能和症状。该试验已在巴西临床试验注册中心注册，注册号为RBR-9337nv。应用混合效应模型比较两组之间干预的效果。
最常见的症状是疲劳（76.6%）、失眠（47.7%）、疼痛（42.1%）和食欲不振（37.4%）。症状强度分析表明，失眠是最严重的症状，其次是疲劳、食欲不振和疼痛。干预组在食欲不振方面有显著改善（P = 0.002），失眠有减轻的趋势（P = 0.053）。
该干预显著降低了癌症患者的食欲丧失。尽管在整体生活质量或功能方面未观察到效果，但该干预有改善失眠的趋势，这一结果应在未来研究中进行调查。
