Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 Oct;59(10):913-917. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2021.1891241. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
With increasing state legalization, marijuana use has become commonplace throughout much of the United States. Existing literature on unintentional exposure focuses primarily on children.We report on a cluster of adults with unwitting marijuana exposure.
A cluster of cases were referred to the Medical Toxicology Service after ingesting marijuana-contaminated food at a family event. We conducted a retrospective analysis of twelve subject charts and a qualitative analysis with six of these subjects who willingly consented to be interviewed about their experiences. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.
Three of the subjects (25%) required prolonged observation due to persistent symptoms. Eleven (92%) were urine immunoassay positive for tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Two subjects (17%) tested positive for ethanol in their blood. Common symptoms experienced by the subjects included confusion (50%), difficulty speaking (67%), nausea (25%), tremors (17%), and feelings of unreality (33%). All interviewed subjects reported sleepiness and three (50%) reported a negative impact on work. Subjects also reported multiple emotions, including anger, confusion, disbelief, and helplessness. None of the cases resulted in admission for critical care or death.
Our series illuminates effects of unwitting and/or unintentional marijuana exposure in adults. Unintentional marijuana poisonings have increased, but legal and regulatory barriers have limited the study of marijuana outside highly controlled conditions. While the marijuana exposure in this study did not result in admission for critical care or death, it did result in psychological distress and adversely affected work in some cases.
随着州级法律的不断完善，大麻在美国大部分地区的使用已变得十分普遍。现有的非故意接触大麻的相关文献主要集中在儿童群体上。我们报告了一组因误食大麻污染食物而导致非故意接触大麻的成年人案例。
在一场家庭聚会中，一些人食用了被大麻污染的食物后，出现了非故意接触大麻的情况，随后这些人被送到医疗毒物中心。我们对 12 名患者的病历进行了回顾性分析，并对其中 6 名自愿接受采访、讲述其经历的患者进行了定性分析。本研究得到了机构审查委员会的批准。
3 名患者（25%）因持续存在症状而需要长时间观察。11 名患者（92%）尿液的四氢大麻酚（THC）免疫检测结果呈阳性。2 名患者（17%）血液中的乙醇检测结果呈阳性。患者常见的症状包括：意识模糊（50%）、言语困难（67%）、恶心（25%）、震颤（17%）和虚幻感（33%）。所有接受采访的患者都报告说感到困倦，3 名患者（50%）报告说对工作有负面影响。患者还报告了多种情绪，包括愤怒、困惑、怀疑和无助。没有一个案例需要收入重症监护病房或死亡。
本研究系列阐明了非故意或非蓄意接触大麻对成年人的影响。非故意的大麻中毒案例有所增加，但由于法律和监管方面的限制，大麻在高度受控条件之外的研究受到了限制。虽然本研究中的大麻接触案例没有导致需要入住重症监护病房或死亡，但在某些情况下确实导致了心理困扰，并对工作产生了不利影响。
