Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Clin Exp Optom. 2021 Jul;104(5):589-594. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1878819. Epub 2021 Feb 24.
: Ocular biometry is key to understanding the determinants of ocular development and pathology changes, especially for the thriving myopic population in Asia. Investigating biometric data in highly myopic eyes within a wide age spectrum is therefore of high importance.: To report the magnitude of change in spherical equivalent for each unit of change in the ocular biometry parameters in a highly myopic population in China.: Highly myopic patients aged 7 to 70 years were recruited from the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, China. Each patient had a cycloplegic refraction and a measurement of ocular biometry.: Data from 823 right eyes were available for analysis, with a mean age of 22.7 years and a median spherical equivalent of -8.88 D. Axial length and lens thickness increased with age, while anterior chamber depth (ACD) decreased in older subjects. There was a significant trend of increasing axial length, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and decreasing ACD and calculated lens power over spherical equivalent quartiles (all p < 0.001). The univariate linear regression models showed that 1-D change in refraction equalled to a 0.33- to 0.34-mm increase of axial length, and a 0.32 to 0.33-mm increase of VCD in highly myopic eyes. Among the three components of axial length, lens thickness was associated with myopia shift in the groups of 7-18 years and 19-39 years (both p < 0.001), and VCD was significant in all groups (all p < 0.001), while ACD was not significant in any age group.: The associations between refraction and axial length were consistent in children, young adults and the elderly with high myopia. Lens thickening with a higher degree of myopia appeared at a very early age, and vitreous chamber depth remained to be a prominent factor of refraction change in highly myopic eyes throughout seven to 70 years of age.
眼生物测量是了解眼球发育和病理变化决定因素的关键，特别是对于亚洲日益增长的近视人群。因此，研究高度近视人群中广泛年龄范围内的生物测量数据非常重要。报告在中国高度近视人群中，每单位眼生物测量参数变化的等效球镜变化幅度。从中国中山大学眼科中心招募了年龄在 7 至 70 岁的高度近视患者。每位患者均进行了睫状肌麻痹验光和眼生物测量。共分析了 823 只右眼的数据，平均年龄为 22.7 岁，中位数等效球镜为-8.88 D。眼轴和晶状体厚度随年龄增长而增加，而前房深度（ACD）随年龄增长而减小。眼轴、晶状体厚度、玻璃体腔深度（VCD）随等效球镜四分位的增加而增加，ACD 和计算晶状体屈光力随等效球镜四分位的减少而减少，均有显著趋势（均 p < 0.001）。单变量线性回归模型显示，屈光度每改变 1 D，高度近视眼的眼轴增加 0.33 至 0.34 mm，VCD 增加 0.32 至 0.33 mm。在眼轴的三个组成部分中，晶状体厚度与 7-18 岁和 19-39 岁组的近视进展有关（均 p < 0.001），而 VCD 在所有组中均显著（均 p < 0.001），ACD 在任何年龄组均不显著。在高度近视的儿童、年轻人和老年人中，屈光度与眼轴之间的关联是一致的。随着近视程度的加深，晶状体变厚的现象出现在非常早期，而玻璃体腔深度在 7 至 70 岁的高度近视眼中一直是屈光度变化的一个突出因素。
